EPAP - CORRECT ANSWER expiratory positive airway pressure
CPAP - CORRECT ANSWER continuous positive airway pressure
a treatment for apnea
... [Show More] involving keeping a patient's airways open using air pressure delivered via a face mask
IPAP=EPAP
ABCDE - CORRECT ANSWER asymmetry, border, color, diameter >6mm, evolving
skin eruptions or exanthema 3 groups - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Macular and maculopapular lesions
2. vesicular or bullous lesions
3. pustular, petechial, or purpuric lesions
secondary changes of skin lesions - CORRECT ANSWER comedones, crusting, excoriation, lichenification, scales, scarring, telangiectasia
acne - CORRECT ANSWER inflammatory disease of the skin involving the sebaceous glands and hair follicles
causes: corticosteriods, isoniazid
bullous lesions - CORRECT ANSWER Caused by exfoliative toxins A and B
Have the appearance of wrinkled tissue paper
Lead to widespread desquamation of the skin
Patients are left vulnerable to secondary bacterial infections
causes: barbiturate overdose, penicillamine, sulfonamides
eczematous dermatitis - CORRECT ANSWER most common inflammatory skin disorder, several forms including irritant contact dermatitis allergic contact dermatitis and atopic dermatitis
causes: abx, methyldopa, phenylbutazone, sulfonamides
erythemia multiforme - CORRECT ANSWER Hypersensitivity reaction characterized by targetoid rash and bullae; *HSV and mycoplasma infections; EM with oral mucosa and fever is steven-johnson syndrome
causes: barbiturates, hydantois, penicillin, salicylates, sulfonamides, sulfonylureas
erythema nodosum - CORRECT ANSWER inflammation of subcutaneous tissues resulting in tender, erythematous nodules; may be an abnormal immune response to a systemic disease, an infection, or a drug
causes: contraceptives, sulfonamides
exfoliative dermatitis - CORRECT ANSWER a condition in which there is widespread scaling of the skin, often with pruritus, erythroderma, and hair loss
causes: allopurinal, gold, indomethacin, phenylbutazone
lichenoid eruption - CORRECT ANSWER violaceous to purple, polygonal lesions that resemble those seen in lichen planus
Causes: cholorquine, chlorpropamide, mepacrine, quinidine, quinine, thiazides
photosensitivity - CORRECT ANSWER increased reaction of the skin to exposure to sunlight
causes: amiodarone, nalidixic acid, sulfonamides, tetracycline
pigmentation - CORRECT ANSWER coloration caused by deposit, or lack, of colored material in the tissues
causes: chloroquine, heavy metals, mepacrine
Psoriasiform rash - CORRECT ANSWER causes: gold, methyldopa
purpura - CORRECT ANSWER multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin
causes: cytotoxic drugs, meprobamate, quinidine, quinine
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) - CORRECT ANSWER chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of collagen in skin, joints, and internal organs
causes: hydralazine, isoniazid, penicillamine, procainamide
urticaria - CORRECT ANSWER allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red, elevated patches called wheals or hives
causes: aspirin, imipramine, penicillin, serum, toxoid, vaccines
Bulla - CORRECT ANSWER a large blister that is usually more than 0.5 cm in diameter
Comedones - CORRECT ANSWER plug of keratin and sebum wedged in a dilated pilosebaceous
crust - CORRECT ANSWER accumulated dried exudate
Excoriation - CORRECT ANSWER a superficial loss of skin, e.g., by scratching
lichenification - CORRECT ANSWER area of increased epidermal thickening with exaggerated skin markings, caused by constant rubbing (atopic eczema)
keloid - CORRECT ANSWER a sharply elevated, irregularly shaped, progressively enlarging scar due to excessive collagen formation in the dermis during connective tissue
macule - CORRECT ANSWER flat, colored spot on the skin
nodule - CORRECT ANSWER circumscribed, palpable area of the skin that is >0.5 cm in diameter and appears in part or wholly within the dermis
papule - CORRECT ANSWER A circumscribed, solid elevation of skin < 1cm in diameter, with no visible fluid
patch - CORRECT ANSWER large macule, >2cm in diameter
plaque - CORRECT ANSWER circumscribed, disk-shaped elevated area of the skin >1cm diameter
purpura - CORRECT ANSWER multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin
pustule - CORRECT ANSWER raised spot on the skin containing pus
scales - CORRECT ANSWER flakes or dry patches made up of excess dead epidermal cells
scar - CORRECT ANSWER area of fibrous tissue that replaces the lost epidermis
stria - CORRECT ANSWER streak-like, linear, atrophic, pink, purple, or white lesion caused by stretching of the skin
Telangiectasia - CORRECT ANSWER skin lesion due to permanently enlarged and dilated blood vessels that are visible
ulcer - CORRECT ANSWER loss of epidermis and part or whole of the dermis
vesicle - CORRECT ANSWER visible accumulation of fluid beneath the epidermis (<0.5 cm in diameter)
weal - CORRECT ANSWER circumscribed, elevated area of cutaneous edema
Dermatitis Medicamentosa - CORRECT ANSWER Hypersensitivity reaction to a drug.
onset is abrupt, widespread, and symmetric erythematous eruption
type 1: immediate-type immunologic reaction - CORRECT ANSWER IgE mediated
manifested by urticaria and angioedema of skin or mucosa, edema of other organ, and fall in BP (anaphylatic shock)
Type 2: Cytotoxic reaction - CORRECT ANSWER [Show Less]