Drug name Indication
Target symptoms: state if positive or negative effect
Potency (if noted. receptor occupancy if noted )
Neurotransmitter(s)
... [Show More] affected
Half-life (T1/2),
metabolism
(CYP 450
enzyme)
Notable side effects (associate to pathway or NT)
Typical antipsychotics (conventional)
Haloperidol Blocks dopamine 2 receptors, reducing positive
symptoms of psychosis and possibly combative,
explosive, and hyperactive behaviors Blocks dopamine
2 receptors in the nigrostriatal pathway, improving tics
and other symptoms in Tourette’s syndrome.
Decanoate
half-life
approximately
3 weeks Oral
half-life
approximately
12–38 hours
Acute blockade of dopamine 2 receptors in the
striatum can cause drug-induced parkinsonism,
dystonia, or akathisia
Chronic blockade of dopamine 2 receptors in the
striatum can cause tardive dyskinesia
By blocking dopamine 2 receptors in the pituitary,
it can cause elevations in prolactin
By blocking dopamine 2 receptors excessively in
the mesocortical and mesolimbic dopamine
pathways, especially at high doses, it can cause
worsening of negative and cognitive symptoms
(neuroleptic-induced deficit syndrome).
Blocking alpha 1 adrenergic receptors can cause
dizziness, hypotension, and syncope
Thioridazine Blocks dopamine 2 receptors, reducing positive
symptoms of psychosis
Metabolized
by CYP450 2D6
Acute blockade of dopamine 2 receptors in the
striatum can cause drug-induced parkinsonism,
dystonia, or akathisia.
Chronic blockade of dopamine 2 receptors in the
striatum can cause tardive dyskinesia
By blocking dopamine 2 receptors in the pituitary,
it can cause elevations in prolactin
By blocking dopamine 2 receptors excessively in
the mesocortical and mesolimbic dopamine
pathways, especially at high doses, it can cause
worsening of negative and cognitive symptoms
(neuroleptic-induced deficit syndrome)
Blocking muscarinic cholinergic receptors can
cause dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention,
constipation, and paralytic ileus
Antihistaminic actions may cause sedation, weight
gain Blocking alpha 1 adrenergic receptors can
cause dizziness, hypotension, and syncope
Thiothixene Blocks dopamine 2 receptors, reducing positive
symptoms of psychosis
Commonly prescribed for schizophrenia and bipolar
disorder
Initial
elimination
half-life
approximately
3.4 hours
Terminal
elimination
half-life
approximately
34 hours
Acute blockade of dopamine 2 receptors in the
striatum can cause drug-induced parkinsonism,
dystonia, or akathisia
Chronic blockade of dopamine 2 receptors in the
striatum can cause tardive dyskinesia.
By blocking dopamine 2 receptors in the pituitary,
it can cause elevations in prolactin
By blocking dopamine 2 receptors excessively in
the mesocortical and mesolimbic dopamine
pathways, especially at high doses, it can cause
worsening of negative and cognitive symptoms
(neuroleptic-induced deficit syndrome)
Blocking muscarinic cholinergic receptors can
cause dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention,
constipation, and paralytic ileus
Antihistaminic actions may cause sedation, weight
gain Blocking alpha 1 adrenergic receptors can
cause dizziness, hypotension, and syncope.
Fluphenazine Blocks dopamine 2 receptors, reducing positive
symptoms of psychosis
Commonly prescribed for Bipolar disorder
Mean half-life
of oral
formulation
approximately
15 hours Mean
half-life of
intramuscular
formulation
approximately
6.8–9.6 days
Acute blockade of dopamine 2 receptors in the
striatum can cause drug-induced parkinsonism,
dystonia, or akathisia
Chronic blockade of dopamine 2 receptors in the
striatum can cause tardive dyskinesia
By blocking dopamine 2 receptors in the pituitary,
it can cause elevations in prolactin.
By blocking dopamine 2 receptors excessively in
the mesocortical and mesolimbic dopamine
pathways, especially at high doses, it can cause
worsening of negative and cognitive symptoms
(neuroleptic-induced deficit syndrome)
Blocking muscarinic cholinergic receptors can
cause dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention,
constipation, and paralytic ileus
Antihistaminic actions may cause sedation, weight
gain
Blocking alpha 1 adrenergic receptors can cause
dizziness, hypotension, and syncope
Mesoridazine Mesoridazine is used to treat the symptoms of
schizophrenia and reduce restlessness, anxiety, and
tension. It can also reduce hyperactivity and
uncooperativeness.
mesoridazine, as with other phenothiazines, acts
indirectly on reticular formation, whereby neuronal
activity into reticular formation is reduced without
affecting its intrinsic ability to activate the cerebral
cortex. In addition, the phenothiazines exhibit at least
part of their activities through depression of
hypothalamic centers. Neurochemically, the
phenothiazines are thought to exert their effects by a
central adrenergic blocking action.
Half life 24-
48hrs
drowsiness
dry mouth
nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
constipation
restlessness
headache
Chlorpromazine Indications
Schizophrenia (oral) Severe behavioral problems
associated with oppositional defiant disorder or other
disruptive behavioral disorders, or for attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in pediatric patients who
show excessive motor activity with accompanying
conduct disorders (oral, intramuscular for acute, severe
agitation in hospitalized patients) Acute psychosis
(intramuscular) Nausea, vomiting (oral, rectal,
intramuscular, intravenous) Acute intermittent
porphyria (oral, intramuscular) Tetanus (intramuscular,
adjunct). Intractable hiccups (oral, intramuscular,
Half-life
approximately
8–33 hours
Acute blockade of dopamine 2 receptors in the
striatum can cause drug-induced parkinsonism,
dystonia, or akathisia
Chronic blockade of dopamine 2 receptors in the
striatum can cause tardive dyskinesia
By blocking dopamine 2 receptors excessively in
the mesocortical and mesolimbic dopamine
pathways, especially at high doses, it can cause
worsening of negative and cognitive symptoms
(neuroleptic-induced deficit syndrome)
Blocking muscarinic cholinergic receptors can
cause dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention,
intravenous) Bipolar disorder Restlessness and
apprehension before surgery
Blocks dopamine 2 receptors, reducing positive
symptoms of psychosis and improving other behaviors
Combination of dopamine D2, histamine H1, and
cholinergic M1 blockade in the vomiting center may
reduce nausea and vomiting
constipation, and paralytic ileus
Antihistaminic actions may cause sedation, weight
gain
Blocking alpha 1 adrenergic receptors can cause
dizziness, hypotension, and syncope
Atypical antipsychotics (2nd generation)
Pines
Olanzapine Indications
Schizophrenia (ages 13 and older)
Maintaining response in schizophrenia (long-acting
injectable)
Acute agitation associated with schizophrenia
(intramuscular)
Acute mania/mixed mania (monotherapy, ages 13 and
older) and adjunct to lithium or valproate (adults)
Bipolar maintenance
Acute agitation associated with bipolar I mania
(intramuscular)
Bipolar depression [in combination with fluoxetine
(Symbyax), ages 10 and older]
Treatment-resistant depression [in combination with
fluoxetine (Symbyax)]
Other psychotic disorders
Behavioral disturbances in dementias
Behavioral disturbances in children and adolescents
Disorders associated with problems with impulse
control
Borderline personality disorder
Posttraumatic stress disorder
Blocks dopamine 2 receptors, reducing positive
Metabolites
are inactive
Parent drug
has 21–54
hour half-life
Substrate for
CYP450 1A2
and 2D6
By blocking histamine 1 receptors in the brain, it
can cause sedation and possibly weight gain
Blocking alpha 1 adrenergic receptors can cause
dizziness, hypotension, and syncope
Blocking muscarinic cholinergic receptors can
cause dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention,
constipation, and paralytic ileus
Acute blockade of dopamine 2 receptors in the
striatum can cause drug-induced parkinsonism,
dystonia, or akathisia
Chronic blockade of dopamine 2 receptors in the
striatum can cause tardive dyskinesia
By blocking dopamine 2 receptors in the pituitary,
it can cause elevations in prolactin
Insulin regulation may be impaired by blocking
pancreatic M3 muscarinic receptors [Show Less]