NR3125 Mid Term Study Guide
1. An ordered photographic display of a set of chromosomes from a single cell is a: karyotype
2. A 75yearold male
... [Show More] presents with chest pain with exertion. He was previously diagnosed with arteriosclerosis (narrowing and blockage of the vessels). The chest pain is most likely due to hypoxic injury secondary to:
ischemia
3. Natriuretic hormones affect the balance of: sodium
4. How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? By active transport requiring ATP
5. The role of physical activity in the prevention of colon cancer is identified by which of the following?
It increases gut motility thereby decreasing the time the bowel is exposed to mutagens. 6
Alcohol
7. When an aide asks why carcinomas rarely occur in childhood, how should the nurse respond? (Select all that apply.)
Carcinomas are due to environmental exposures. Carcinomas need a long time from exposure to occurrence.
8. An athlete runs a marathon, after which his muscles feel fatigued and unable to contract. The athlete asks the nurse why this happened. How should the nurse respond? A deficiency in ________ can cause impaired muscle contraction.
ATP
9. The faculty member asked the student to identify the appropriate term for the movement of small, electrically uncharged molecules through a semipermeable barrier. Which answer indicates the nursing student understood the teaching?
Diffusion
10. A patient receives a hypertonic saline solution intravenously to replace the sodium and chloride lost in the stool. What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells?
Cells will shrink
. Which of the following compounds has been shown to increase the risk of cancer
when used in combination with smoking?
11. What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action potential?
Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the membrane potential from negative to positive.
12. The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome. What is the nurse describing?
Maternal nondisjunction
13. An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide?
Expressivity
14. A child is born with blue eyes (bb). The child’s mother has blue eyes and the father has brown eyes. Which of the following represents the father?
Bb
15. A biologist is explaining how RNA directs the synthesis of protein. Which process is the biologist describing?
Translation
16. When the nurse is teaching the staff about Xlinked recessive disorders, which information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
The trait is never transmitted from father to son
The gene can be transmitted through a series of carrier females. The gene is passed from an affected father to all his daughters.
17. A 52yearold male suffered a myocardial infarction secondary to atherosclerosis and ischemia. Once oxygen returned to the damaged heart, reperfusion injury occurred as a result of:
Free radical formation
18. A common pathway of irreversible cell injury involves increased intracellular: Calcium
19. A 55yearold male with a 30year history of smoking is examined for respiratory disturbance. Examination of his airway (bronchial) reveals that stratified squamous epithelial cells have replaced the normal columnar ciliated cells. This type of cellular adaptation is called:
Metaplasia [Show Less]