NR 565 Midterm Exam Advanced Pharmacology Midterm Exam | Questions and Answers
During what trimester is a pregnant woman most at risk for adverse drug
... [Show More] reactions with
potential long term consequences? ----Correct Answer-----1st trimester (fetus most at
risk d/t rapid growth)
What is BEERS criteria? ----Correct Answer-----Recommendations of medications
inappropriate for elderly (65 and older), prescriber ultimately decides
What is the CYP450 (cytochrome P450) ----Correct Answer-----liver enzyme system
where medications are metabolized, can either be inducers or inhibitors and create
drug-drug interactions
CYP450 inducers ----Correct Answer-----Speed up metabolism of drugs (drug is cleared
faster), drug has lesser effect (decrease blood levels of drug), elevate CYP450
enzymes
CYP450 inducers pneumonic ----Correct Answer-----"Bullshit Crap GPS INDUCES rage"
CYP450 inducer drug names ----Correct Answer-----Barbituates, St John wort,
Carbamazepine, rifampin, alcohol, phenytoin, griseofulvin, phenobarbital, sulfonylureas
CYP450 inhibitors ----Correct Answer-----inhibit metabolism, increase blood levels of
medications
CYP450 pneumonic ----Correct Answer-----"VISA credit card debt INHIBITS spending
on designers like CK to look GQ"
CYP450 inhibitors drug names ----Correct Answer-----Valproate, isoniazid,
sulfonamides, amiodarone, chloramphenicol, ketoconazole, grapefruit juice, quinidine
Physiological changes during pregnancy that impact pharmacodynamics and
pharmacokinetic properties of drugs? ----Correct Answer-----increase glomerular
filtration rate leads to increase durg excretion
increase hepatic metabolism
decrease tone and motility of bowel
increase drug absorption
Examples of medications that can be teratogenic ----Correct Answer-----Antiepileptic
drugs, antimicrobials such as tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones, vitamin A in large
doses, some anticoagulants, and hormonal medications such as diethylstilbestrol
(DES).
How is absorption of intramuscular medications different in neonates? ----Correct
Answer-----slow and erratic due to low blood flow in muscles first few days of life
Why is absorption of medication in the stomach increased in infancy? ----Correct
Answer-----delayed gastric emptying [Show Less]