NR511 Midterm Study Guide Worksheet
Disease Risk Subjective Finding Objective Findings Diagnostics Treatment Education
GI DISORDERS
Appendicitis -Most
... [Show More] common
between 10-30yrs; but
can occur at any age;
rare in infants and older
adults
-men more at risk
- Diets low in fiber, high
in fat, refined sugars, &
other carbs at increased
risk.
- Obstruction of
appendix is cause of
majority of appendicitis
- contributing factors:
Intra-abdominal
tumors, positive family
hx
- Recent roundworm
infection or viral GI
infection
-Dx made clinically,
based primarily on
H&P exam
- Classic presentation
includes acute onset of
mild to severe colicky,
epigastric, or
periumbilical pain
- Pain is vague at first
then localizes within
24hrs to RLQ
- Pain exacerbated by
walking\coughing
- Men may feel
radiated pain in testes
- Abd muscle rigidity,
N\V, anorexia
- Mildly elevated temp
99-100F common
- If RLQ accompanied
by shaking chills,
perforation should be
suspected
- Older adults may
present with
weakness, anorexia,
abd distention, mild
pain leading to delayed
dx and increased
morbidity.
-May have HTN\tachy
proportional to
pain\symptoms
-When lying flat, may
flex R knee to relieve
tension in abd muscle
-Pain with palpation in
abd, diffuse in early
stages. Localized to
RLQ later
-Positive for rebound
pain; ask pt to cough
to localize pain
location
-Sudden cessation of
pain means
perforation and is ER
-Labs are not
diagnostic and
nonspecific
-Women should have
urine human
chorionic
gonadotrophin to r\o
ectopic pregnancy
- +Rovsing’s Signdeep palpation &
release in LLQ causes
rebound pain in RLQ
- +Psoas Sign- lift R
leg against gentle
pressure causes pain
- +Obturator Signflex R hip & knee and
slowly rotate
internally causes pain
- +McBurney’s Signpain with pressure
applied to point
between umbilicus &
ilium
- x-ray\CT helpful
when paired with
positive H&P findings
-Surgical; preoperative
care, NPO, correction of
fluid\electrolyte
imbalances
-Avoid narcotics
-Atb with 3rd gen
cephalosporin; Ex:
ampicillin, gentamycin,
flagyl
-F\U with surgeon
-Ambulation after
surgery
-Adv diet when
bowel sounds
return
-Return to hosp
with s\s of infection
-Avoid heavy lifting
for at least 2 wks
Celiac disease **
(autoimmune
disorder caused by an
immunologic
response to gluten)
Mostly diagnosed in
adulthood.
A family member with
celiac disease or
dermatitis
herpetiformis
Type 1 diabetes
Many asymptomatic.
May complain of
diarrhea, gas,
dyspepsia, wt loss.
Atypical symptoms:
fatigue,
bone or joint pain,
arthritis,
Muscle wasting
(anemia), reduces
subcutaneous fat,
ataxia, & peripheral
neuropathy (vitamin
B12 deficiencies)
osteoporosis or
osteopenia (bone
loss)
Serolo [Show Less]