A client with mild parkinsonism is started on oral amantadine (Symmetrel). What statement accurately describes the action of this medication?
dopamine in
... [Show More] central nervous system is increased
A 52-year-old client is admitted to the hospital for possible duodenal ulcers. The healthcare provider prescribes ranitidine hydrochloride (Zantac) 150 mg BID PO. Which data would indicate that this medication is effective?
Within 4 hours after meals, the client denies having pain.
The charge nurse is reviewing the admission history and physical data for four clients newly admitted to the unit. Which client is at greatest risk for adverse reactions to medications?
A. 30-year-old man with a fracture
B. 7-year-old child with an ear infection
C. 75-year-old woman with liver disease
D. 50-year-old man with an upper respiratory tract infection A. 75-year-old woman with liver disease
Rationale:
Impaired hepatic metabolic pathways for drug and chemical degradation place (C) at greatest risk for adverse reactions to medications based on advancing age and liver disease. (A and D) have no predisposing factors, such as genetics, pathophysiologic dysfunction, or drug allergies, that would increase the risk for cumulative toxicity or adverse drug reactions. (B) is at risk for dose-related adverse reactions but is at less risk than (C).
The healthcare provider prescribes ipratropium (Atrovent) for a client. An allergic reaction to what other medication would cause the nurse to question the prescription for Atrovent?
Atropine sulfate (Atropine)
68-year-old client has been diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma. The healthcare provider prescribes pilocarpine (Isopto Carpine) eye drops. What action of this drug makes it a useful treatment for the client's condition?
The outflow of aqueous humor in the eyes is increased.
The nurse is preparing to apply a surface anesthetic agent for a client. Which action should the nurse implement to reduce the risk of systemic absorption?
A. Apply the anesthetic to mucous membranes.
B. Limit the area of application to inflamed areas.
C. Avoid abraded skin areas when applying the anesthetic.
D. Spread the topical agent over a large surface area.
C. Avoid abraded skin areas when applying the anesthetic
Rationale:
To minimize systemic absorption of topical anesthetics, the anesthetic agent should be applied to the smallest surface area of intact skin (C). Application to the mucous membranes poses the greatest risk (A) of systemic absorption because absorption occurs more readily through mucous membranes than through the skin. Inflamed areas generally have an increased blood supply, which increases the risk of systemic absorption, so (B) should be avoided. A large surface area increases the amount of topical drug that is available for transdermal absorption, so the smallest area should be covered, not (D).
The healthcare provider prescribes the anticonvulsant carbamazepine (Tegretol) for a client with a seizure disorder. The nurse should instruct the client to notify the healthcare provider if which condition occurs?
Experiences a sore throat
chemotherapeutic regimen with doxorubicin HCl (Adriamycin) is being planned for a client recently diagnosed with cancer. What diagnostic test results should the nurse review prior to initiating this treatment?
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
A client who is HIV positive is receiving combination therapy with the antiviral medication zidovudine (Retrovir). What instruction should the nurse include in this client's teaching plan?
Return to the clinic every 2 weeks for blood counts
A 67-year-old client is discharged from the hospital with a prescription for digoxin (Lanoxin) 0.25 mg daily. Which instruction should the nurse include in this client's discharge teaching plan?
Take and record radial pulse rate daily.
Benztropine mesylate (Cogentin) and levodopa (Dopar) are prescribed for a client with Parkinson's disease. After a few days of therapy, the client complains of a "dry mouth" and "dizziness." What response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
"Chew gum to relieve the dry mouth and move slowly when assuming a standing position to reduce the dizziness [Show Less]