1. A 44-year-old female mathematician presents to clinic c. This patient was
with a complaint of a mass in the right breast. Her part- in compliance
... [Show More] with
ner noticed this mass 2 days ago, and the patient feels
guilty because she has only had one mammogram
and does not engage in breast self-examination (BSE)
on any regular basis. She has no family history of
the U.S. Preventive Services Task
Force (USPSTF)
recommendations
breast cancer, and her prior mammogram was ordered for her age group
as a routine screening test at age 43 years after a
brief discussion with her primary care provider. After
a thorough investigation reveals a benign cyst, what
advice should be given to this patient about screening
for breast cancer in her age group?
a. BSE is well evidenced, and all recommending agencies agree that it should be taught and reinforced.
b. Clinical breast examination (CBE) is superior to
BSE and should be a routine part of annual examinations starting at age 30 years.
c.This patient was in compliance with the U.S.Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
recommendations for her age group and risk factors
prior to her current complaint.
d. Mammography is most sensitive and specific for
women in their 40s, when breast tissue is still dense
enough to image accurately.
e. Breast cancer screening is extremely well st
2. A 42-year-old female website developer presents for
an annual preventive examination with questions
about breast cancer screening. She is concerned
about the radiation exposure associated with mammography and is interested in magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) as a possible alternative for routine
screening.She is otherwise healthy with no family history of breast, ovarian, or colon cancer. Which of the
following is true about MRI as a screening modality
for breast cancer in the general population?
a. Breast cancer screening by MRI has been well studand risk factors
prior to her current
complaint.
b. Sensitivity of
screening for
breast cancer
increases with
breast MRI at the
expense of specificity.
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NR 509 FINAL EXAM 2024 NEWEST EXAM WITH 100 QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED SOLUTIONS /A+ GRAND ASSURED
ied in the general population.
b. Sensitivity of screening for breast cancer increases
with breast MRI at the expense of specificity.
c.This patient is an ideal candidate for screening via
breast MRI based on current evidence
d. Women at low lifetime risk of breast cancer (<20%)
are recommended to undergo screening MRI.
e. Known BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation is insufficient
criteria to justify screening with breast MRI.
3. A 35-year-old G0P0 woman presents to clinic with
a complaint of bilateral nipple discharge.This discharge started several weeks ago and has occurred
at irregular intervals since that time. She does not
complain of local tenderness, redness, fever, or any
other systemic symptoms aside from slightly irregular
periods over the last few months. On examination, she
is able to express a small amount of discharge, which
is sent to the laboratory and found to be consistent
with breast milk but without any signs of blood or pus.
Screening laboratories are also sent, which reveal a
normal blood count, metabolic panel, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and human chorionic gonadotropin
(HCG) level. Further laboratories are still pending.
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
a. Mastitis
b. Ductal carcinoma in situ
c. Paget disease of the breast
d. Occult pregnancy
e. Prolactinoma
4. A 22-year-old G0P0 undergraduate student presents
to clinic after finding a breast mass on breast self-examination (BSE) at home.The mass is nontender without skin changes, erythema, or overlying swelling.
She has heard that most breast cancers are found by
patients themselves, and she is very concerned that
she may have breast cancer.Which of the following is
e. Prolactinoma
b. This patient
is more likely to
find a fibroadenoma than a cancer on self-examination.
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NR 509 FINAL EXAM 2024 NEWEST EXAM WITH 100 QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED SOLUTIONS /A+ GRAND ASSURED
true about BSE and self-detection of breast cancer?
a. Most masses that women find at home and bring to
a provider's attention turn out to be malignant.
b.This patient is more likely to find a fibroadenoma
than a cancer on self-examination.
c.The most likely breast mass this patient is likely to
find in herself is an abscess complicating underlying
mastitis.
d. Because of this patient's age, breast masses should
not be pursued with imaging and diagnosis because
the risk of cancer is so low.
e. BSE is universally recommended because of very
high sensitivity and specificity for finding cancerous
lesions. [Show Less]