NR 509 Final Exam
Suspicious breast mass - correct answer-A mobile mass that becomes fixed when the arm relaxes is attached to the ribs and intercostal
... [Show More] muscles; if fixed when the hand is pressed against the hip, it is attached to the pectoral fascia.
-Hard irregular poorly circumscribed nodules, fixed to the skin or underlying tissues, strongly suggest cancer
Risk for Breast cancer - correct answer--*Age*
-family history of breast/ovarian CA
- inherited genetic mutations,
-personal history of breast cancer
- high levels of endogenous hormones
- breast tissue density
- proliferative lesions with atypia on breast biopsy, - duration of unopposed estrogen exposure related to early menarche
-age of first full-term pregnancy
- late menopause.
- breastfeeding for less than 1 year,
- postmenopausal obesity
-cigarette smoking, alcohol ingestion,
- physical inactivity, and type of contraception.
Characteristics of a breast cyst - correct answerSoft to firm, round, mobile, often tender.
The best way to examine the lateral portion of the breast - correct answer-Have pt roll onto the opposite hip
-place her hand on her forehead.
- keep shoulders pressed against the bed
-palpate in the axilla, moving in a straight line down to the bra line, then move the fingers medially and palpate in a vertical strip up the chest to the clavicle. Continue in vertical overlapping strips until you reach the nipple
Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) - correct answer-Caused by overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria (often from sex)
- Discharge: Gray or white, thin, homogenous, malodorous, coats the vaginal walls, usually not profuse, may be minimal
- Fishy/musty genital odor
-Normal vulva and vaginal mucosa
-Scan saline wet mount for clue cells (epithelial cells with stippled borders); sniff for fishy odor after applying KOH ("whiff test"); test the vaginal secretions for pH > 4.5
Candidal Vaginitis - correct answer-Cause: Candida albicans, a yeast (normal overgrowth of vaginal flora); many factors predispose, including antibiotic therapy [Show Less]