NR 509 APEA EXAM – ORTHO
Question:
A tool for assessing risk factors for osteoporotic fractures is the:
... [Show More]
DEXA.
FRAX:Correct
BRCA1.
HAARM:Incorrect
Explanation:
The FRAX calculator generates fracture risk based on age, body mass index, parental fracture history, use of glucocorticoids, presence of rheumatoid arthritis or secondary osteoporosis, and tobacco and alcohol use. It has been validated for black, Hispanic, and Asian women in the USA and has calculators that are country and continent specific. Duel energy x-ray absorptiometry, DEXA, is the optimal standard for measuring bone density. BRAC1 is a gene that can mutate and increase the risk of breast cancer. HAARM is the melanoma risk model.
Question:
Anserine bursitis arises from:
excessive running:Correct
excessive kneeling:Incorrect
arthritis.
trauma
Explanation:
Anserine bursitis arises from excessive running, valgus knee deformity, fibromyalgias, and osteoarthritis. Prepatellar bursitis (“housemaid’s knee”) arises from excessive kneeling. A popliteal or “baker’s” cyst arises from distention of the gastrocnemius semimembranous bursa from underlying arthritis or trauma.
Question:
When examining the knee, which of the following symptoms could be indicative of a positive Adduction (Varus) Stress Test?
Pain in the lateral joint line: Correct
Pain in the medial joint line:Incorrect
Pain in the anterior joint line
A click along the medial joint line.
Explanation:
The Adduction (or Varus) Stress Test is a maneuver that evaluates the function of the lateral collateral ligament. To perform this test, the knee is held in 30 degrees of flexion. With one hand on the medial side of the knee and one hand on the ankle, an adduction force is gently applied. If pain is noted in the lateral joint line, this could be indicative of a lateral collateral ligament tear. When tenderness extends more to the proximal or distal joint line, the collateral ligament may be the cause of pain instead of the meniscus.
Question:
When assessing the knee, the examiner instructs the patient to straighten his knee. This motion would assess knee:
flexion.extension:Correct [Show Less]