NR 507 Midterm Exam 2 – Questions and Answers (Graded A)
NR 507 Midterm Exam 2
NR 507
NR507
10. What is the primary problem resulting from
... [Show More] respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of the newborn? (Points : 2)
Consolidation
Pulmonary edema
Atelectasis
Bronchiolar plugging
11. Which statement is true concerning the IgM? (Points : 2)
IgM is the first antibody produced during the initial response to an antigen.
IgM mediates many common allergic responses.
IgM is the most abundant class of immunoglobulins.
IgM is capable of crossing the human placenta.
12. Apoptosis is a(an): (Points : 2)
Normal mechanism for cells to self-destruct when growth is excessive
Antigrowth signal activated by the tumor-suppressor gene Rb
Mutation of cell growth stimulated by the TP53 gene
Transformation of cells from dysplasia to anaplasia
13. Which complex (wave) represents the sum of all ventricular muscle cell depolarizations? (Points : 2)
PRS
QRS
QT interval
P
14. Which organism is a common sexually transmitted bacterial infection? (Points : 2)
Staphylococcus aureus
Clostridium perfringens
Helicobacter pylori
Treponema pallidum
15. Which organ is stimulated during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS)? (Points : 2)
Adrenal cortex
Hypothalamus
Anterior pituitary
Limbic system
16. What is the role of caretaker genes? (Points : 2)
Maintenance of genomic integrity
Proliferation of cancer cells
Secretion of growth factors
Restoration of normal tissue structure
17. Where are antibodies produced? (Points : 2)
Helper T lymphocytes
Thymus gland
Plasma cells
Bone marrow
18. The lung is innervated by the parasympathetic nervous system via which nerve? (Points : 2)
Vagus
Phrenic
Brachial
Pectoral
19. What is the primary cause of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of the newborn? (Points : 2)
Immature immune system
Small alveoli
Surfactant deficiency
Anemia
20. What is the fundamental physiologic manifestation of anemia? (Points : 2)
Hypotension
Hyperesthesia
Hypoxia
Ischemia
21. Which term is used to describe a muscle cell showing a reduced ability to form new muscle while appearing highly disorganized? (Points : 2)
Dysplasia
Hyperplasia
Myoplasia
Anaplasia
22. Which of the following is classified as a megaloblastic anemia? (Points : 2)
Iron deficiency
Pernicious
Sideroblastic
Hemolytic
23. How is most carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood transported? (Points : 2)
Attached to oxygen
In the form of bicarbonate
Combined with albumin
Dissolved in the plasma
24. Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is present in childhood asthma? (Points : 2)
IgM
IgG
IgE
IgA
25. An individual is more susceptible to infections of mucous membranes when he or she has a seriously low level of which immunoglobulin antibody? (Points : 2)
IgG
IgM
IgA
IgE
26. Examination of the throat in a child demonstrating signs and symptoms of acute epiglottitis may contribute to which life-threatening complication? (Points : 2)
Retropharyngeal abscess
Laryngospasms
Rupturing of the tonsils
Gagging induced aspiration
27. Which laboratory test is considered adequate for an accurate and reliable diagnosis of gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man? (Points : 2)
Ligase chain reaction (LCR)
Gram-stain technique
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
DNA testing
28. Which primary characteristic is unique for the immune response? (Points : 2)
The immune response is similar each time it is activated.
The immune response is specific to the antigen that initiates it.
The response to a specific pathogen is short term.
The response is innate, rather than acquired.
29. When an individual aspirates food particles, where would the nurse expect to hear decreased or absent breath sounds? (Points : 2)
Left lung
Right lung
Trachea
Carina
30. What is the primary site for uncomplicated local gonococci infections in men? (Points : 2)
Epididymis
Lymph nodes
Urethra
Prostate
31. Deficiencies in which element can produce depression of both B- and T-cell function? (Points : 2)
Iron
Zinc
Iodine
Magnesium
32. An infant has a loud, harsh, holosystolic murmur and systolic thrill that can be detected at the left lower sternal border that radiates to the neck. These clinical findings are consistent with which congenital heart defect? (Points : 2)
Atrial septal defect (ASD)
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Atrioventricular canal (AVC) defect
33. Which compensatory mechanism is spontaneously used by children diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot to relieve hypoxic spells? (Points : 2)
Lying on their left side
Performing the Valsalva maneuver
Squatting
Hyperventilating
34. In a normal, nonmutant state, an oncogene is referred to as a: (Points : 2)
Basal cell
Target cell
Caretaker gene
Proto-oncogene
35. Infants are most susceptible to significant losses in total body water because of an infant’s: (Points : 2)
High body surface–to–body size ratio
Slow metabolic rate
Kidneys are not mature enough to counter fluid losses
Inability to communicate adequately when he or she is thirsty
36. A person with type O blood is considered to be the universal blood donor because type O blood contains which of the following? (Points : 2)
No antigens
No antibodies
Both A and B antigens
Both A and B antibodies
37. Which type of immunity is produced by an individual after either natural exposure to the antigen or after immunization against the antigen? (Points : 2)
Passive-acquired immunity
Active-acquired immunity
Passive-innate immunity
Active-innate immunity
38. Erythrocyte life span of less than 120 days, ineffective bone marrow response to erythropoietin, and altered iron metabolism describe the pathophysiologic characteristics of which type of anemia? (Points : 2)
Aplastic
Sideroblastic
Anemia of chronic disease
Iron deficiency
39. How is most of the oxygen in the blood transported? (Points : 2)
Dissolved in plasma
Bound to hemoglobin
In the form of carbon dioxide (CO2)
Bound to protein
40. What is the action of urodilatin? (Points : 2)
Urodilatin causes vasoconstriction of afferent arterioles.
It causes vasodilation of the efferent arterioles.
Urodilatin inhibits antidiuretic hormone secretion.
It inhibits salt and water reabsorption.
41. What is the chief predisposing factor for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of the newborn? (Points : 2)
Low birth weight
Alcohol consumption during pregnancy
Premature birth
Smoking during pregnancy
42. What is the most common cause of insufficient erythropoiesis in children? (Points : 2)
Folic acid deficiency
Iron deficiency
Hemoglobin abnormality
Erythrocyte abnormality [Show Less]