NR 446 Week 1 Exam 1 Pre-Class Questions (SUMMER 2023) EXAM ELABORATION WITH ANSWERS)
1. Describe the following terms:
o Decision making: A complex,
... [Show More] cognitive process of choosing a particular course of action; the thought process of selecting a logical choice from all available options.
o Problem solving: A part of decision making; systematic process focusing on analyzing a difficult situation involving higher-order reasoning and evaluation.
o Critical thinking: The mental process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information to reach an answer or conclusion.
2. Describe at least 10 characteristics of a critical thinker:
1. Insight is the deep understanding of a person or thing.
2. Intuition is the ability to understand something instinctively or immediately without the need for conscious reason.
3. Empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of another.
4. Willingness to act kind of speaks for itself but as nurses we must be willing and able to make decisions and act for our patients.
5. Creativity is the ability or power to create things like care plans, etc.
6. Self-awareness means you have made and are constantly updating an accurate appraisal of your personality, motivations, strengths, and weaknesses.
7. Courage is the mental or moral strength to virtue, persevere, and withstand danger fear, or difficulty.
8. Sensitive is defined as having or displaying a quick and delicate appreciation of other feelings.
9. Energetic is defined as showing or involving great activity or vitality.
10. Objectivity is defined as a lack of favoritism towards one decision or another or a lack of bias.
3. How do the following methods of learning help develop problem solving and decision-making skills?
o Case studies: Provide stories that facilitate learning.
o Simulation: Provide opportunities for learning with no risk to live patients or real organizational performance.
o Problem-based learning: Provides opportunities for learners to address and learn from authentic problems vicariously.
4. Describe the steps involved in the nursing process:
o Assessing, or gathering information and data.
o Diagnosing with a nursing diagnosis that represents a clinical judgement concerning human response to health conditions/life processes, or a vulnerability for that response, by an individual, family, group, or community.
o Planning provides the directions for interventions and caring for the patient based on assessments and nursing diagnosis.
o Implementing involves action or doing and the actual carrying out of nursing interventions outlined in the plan of care.
o Evaluation focuses on the effectiveness of the nursing interventions by reviewing the expected outcomes to determine if they were met by the time frames indicated.
5. List and briefly describe each critical element in decision making: [Show Less]