Iron – results of low levels in the diet; food sources of iron
Low levels: Adolescents- cognitive issues, slow learner
Anemia (fatigue, pallor,
... [Show More] weakness, cold feeling, cognitive issues, decreased immunity and wound healing.
Foods: Meat, fish, poultry, tofu, dried peas/beans/fruit, whole grains, formula, fortified foods.
Vitamin D – functions of; sources of
Function: Bones and Growth. Regulates calcium & phosphorus. Assists bone mineralization, immune, weight management, prevent cancer.
Sources: Fortified milk, fatty fish, liver, egg yolks, and butter.
Dietary recommendations for pregnancy; preventing pregnancy complications
Folate: neural tube defects
Iron: 2nd trimester usually supplemented 340 cal Extra 2nd trimester
452 cal Extra 3rd trimester Protein: 71 grams
Maternal PKU – ensure low intake of phenylalanine and supplement with tyrosine
Calcium – functions of; risks of not getting enough; food sources of
Function: Strong bones and teeth, relax and contract muscles Deficient risk: Osteoporosis, brittle bones(fractures)
Sources: Dairy (main source), green leafy veggies, small fish with bones, legumes, tofu, fortified foods (orange juice).
Dehydration – signs and symptoms of; risks for; treatment for
S/S: decreased urine, decreased skin elasticity, dry mucosa, drowsy, lightheaded, confusion, thirst, slow or rapid breathing
Risks: Dementia, diarrhea, vomiting, high fever, perspiration, diuretics, polyuria, older adults.
Treatment: Fluids, electrolytes, IV or oral if tolerated.
Omega-3 fatty acids – functions of; food sources of
Function: lower the risk of heart disease by reducing the blood clotting process Sources: Fish (tuna, salmon, halibut, blue fish, sardines, rainbow trout)
Vitamin B12 – functions of; food sources of; treatment for deficiency Function: Make new cells, protect nerve fibers, folate metabolism Sources: Meat, poultry, fish, seafood, eggs, milk products
Treatment: Vitamin B12 injections usually in vegans / lack of intrinsic factor
Vitamin toxicity; Fat soluble vs water soluble vitamins
Fat soluble: A,D,E,K easy to become toxic due to fat storage
Water soluble: B, C not usually toxic due to being eliminated in urine not stored
Nutrition and wound healing
Need high calories from protein and carbohydrate to heal and repair
Food interactions with MAOIs
MAOIs with tyrosine can cause hypertensive crisis
Foods: Smoked meat, aged cheese, dried fish, overripe avocados [Show Less]