NLN PAX Study Guide 124 Questions with Answers 2023
prime numbers - CORRECT ANSWER a number which can only be divided by itself and 1
2, 3, 5, 7,
... [Show More] 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29
1/3 - CORRECT ANSWER 0.333
2/3 - CORRECT ANSWER 0.666...
2/5 - CORRECT ANSWER 0.4
3/5 - CORRECT ANSWER 0.6
4/5 - CORRECT ANSWER 0.8
1/8 - CORRECT ANSWER 0.125
3/8 - CORRECT ANSWER 0.375
5/8 - CORRECT ANSWER 0.625
7/8 - CORRECT ANSWER 0.875
area of a circle - CORRECT ANSWER A=πr²
Area of a rectangle - CORRECT ANSWER A=lw
Area of a square - CORRECT ANSWER A=s²
area of triangle - CORRECT ANSWER A=1/2bh
circumference of a circle - CORRECT ANSWER 2πr or πd
surface area of cube - CORRECT ANSWER 6s²
surface area of rectangular solid - CORRECT ANSWER 2lw + 2wh + 2lh
volume of cube - CORRECT ANSWER V=s³
volume of rectangular solid - CORRECT ANSWER V=lwh
nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction
interstitual fluid - CORRECT ANSWER fluid between cells
Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER cellular respiration, conversion of food to energy
atp - CORRECT ANSWER (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work
ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWER Makes proteins
ER - CORRECT ANSWER serves as transport, and is used for storage and detoxification
golgi - CORRECT ANSWER A system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell
lysosomes - CORRECT ANSWER digests proteins
Chloroplast - CORRECT ANSWER An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs
vacuoles - CORRECT ANSWER Stores food, water, wastes, and other materials
chromatin - CORRECT ANSWER Clusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell
chromosomes - CORRECT ANSWER threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes
mitosis - CORRECT ANSWER cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes
meiosis - CORRECT ANSWER a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.
muscle tissue - CORRECT ANSWER skeletal, cardiac, smooth
epithelial tissue - CORRECT ANSWER skin, organ lining
nervous tissue - CORRECT ANSWER neurons
connective tissue - CORRECT ANSWER cartilage, blood, fat, bone
5 kingdoms - CORRECT ANSWER animals, plants, fungi, protists, monerans
classification order - CORRECT ANSWER phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
Actice Transport - CORRECT ANSWER Energy required, moves molecules from low to high
passive transport - CORRECT ANSWER Requires NO energy, Movement of molecules from high to low concentration, Moves with the concentration gradient
diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Photosynthesis - CORRECT ANSWER 6CO2 + 6H2O + light --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
cuticle - CORRECT ANSWER The waxy, waterproof layer that covers the leaves and stems of most plants.
stomates - CORRECT ANSWER Pores on the lower surface of the leaves that allow carbon dioxide to enter and oxygen to be released during photosynthesis without losing too much water
angiosperms - CORRECT ANSWER flower in flowering plants; responsible for reproduction
sepals - CORRECT ANSWER Leaflike parts that cover and protect the flower bud
stamen - CORRECT ANSWER the male reproductive organ of a flower, consists of the filament which supports the anther where pollen is produced
pistil - CORRECT ANSWER consists of stigma, style, and ovary which contains ovules where fertilization occurs
after fertilization the ovules develop into - CORRECT ANSWER seeds
genes - CORRECT ANSWER located on chromosomes
alleles - CORRECT ANSWER Different forms of a gene
homozygous - CORRECT ANSWER having two identical alleles for a trait
Heterozygous - CORRECT ANSWER An organism that has two different alleles for a trait
phenotype - CORRECT ANSWER The appearance of an organism
Tt crossed with Tt - CORRECT ANSWER 50% Tt, 25%TT, 25%tt
Humans have how many chromosomes? - CORRECT ANSWER 46 (23 pairs)
liver produces - CORRECT ANSWER bile
Bile is stored in the - CORRECT ANSWER gallbladder
pancreas - CORRECT ANSWER supplies many enzymes needed for digestion
villi - CORRECT ANSWER Tiny finger-shaped structures that cover the inner surface of the small intestine and provide a large surface area through which digested food is absorbed
Circulation through the heart - CORRECT ANSWER blood enters the heart through the right and left atria, as the heart contracts blood flows into the ventricles, then out from the ventricles to either the body or the lungs
Systole - CORRECT ANSWER When the heart contracts and the pressure increases
Diastole - CORRECT ANSWER Relaxation of the heart, pressure lowered
hemoglobin - CORRECT ANSWER Oxygen carrying pigment in red blood cells
white blood cells - CORRECT ANSWER Blood cells that perform the function of destroying disease-causing microorganisms
Platelets - CORRECT ANSWER blood clotting
lymph nodes - CORRECT ANSWER Bean-shaped filters that cluster along the lymphatic vessels of the body. They function as a cleanser of lymph as wells as a site of T and B cell activation
Arteries - CORRECT ANSWER carry blood away from the heart
Veins - CORRECT ANSWER Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
Capillaries - CORRECT ANSWER Microscopic vessel through which exchanges take place between the blood and cells of the body
alveoli - CORRECT ANSWER tiny sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood
Diaphragm - CORRECT ANSWER Large, flat muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that helps with breathing
Inhalation - CORRECT ANSWER chest muscles contract and rib cage moves up, diaphragm contracts
exhalation - CORRECT ANSWER chest and diaphragm relaxes
cellular respiration - CORRECT ANSWER C6H1206->CO2 + H20+ ENERGY (released)
goal is to create ATP
occurs in all living things
anaerobic respiration - CORRECT ANSWER Respiration that does not require oxygen produces lactic acid
lactic acid - CORRECT ANSWER causes muscle fatigue
Neuron - CORRECT ANSWER a specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell.
impulse is generated when - CORRECT ANSWER the dendrites are stimulated by the environment or another neuron which results in a moving electrical charge that travels along the cell body along the axon until the axon terminals which triggers the release of neurotransmitters which travel across synapses and trigger other neurons
sensory neurons - CORRECT ANSWER neurons that carry incoming information from the sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord
motor neurons - CORRECT ANSWER neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands
Interneurons - CORRECT ANSWER neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate internally and intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outputs
CNS - CORRECT ANSWER brain and spinal cord
PNS - CORRECT ANSWER the sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body
Somatic branch of PNS - CORRECT ANSWER external environment
autonomic branch of PNS - CORRECT ANSWER internal environment
Cerebrum - CORRECT ANSWER Largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought, and memory.
Cerebellum - CORRECT ANSWER Balance and coordination
brain stem/medulla - CORRECT ANSWER controls basic homeostatic functions such as body temperature, blood pressure, and breathing
joints - CORRECT ANSWER connections between bones
Ligaments - CORRECT ANSWER Connect bone to bone
Tendons - CORRECT ANSWER Connect muscle to bone
Cartilage - CORRECT ANSWER cushion between bones
kidney - CORRECT ANSWER nephron, glomerulus, bowman's, proximated convoluted tube, loop of henle, distal convoluted loop
Fertilization occurs in the? - CORRECT ANSWER fallopian tubes
Cornea - CORRECT ANSWER allows light to enter the eye
Iris - CORRECT ANSWER regulates the amount of light entering the eye
lens - CORRECT ANSWER Focuses light onto retina
rod cells - CORRECT ANSWER more sensitive to light and allow vision in dim light
cone cells - CORRECT ANSWER work best in bright light and enable you to see colors
Lugol's solution - CORRECT ANSWER A yellow-brown indicator that turns blue-black when it comes into contact with starch.
Benedict's solution - CORRECT ANSWER solution to test for glucose.
Speed= - CORRECT ANSWER distance/time
Acceleration - CORRECT ANSWER final velocity-initial velocity/time
Momentum - CORRECT ANSWER mass x velocity
Newton's First Law - CORRECT ANSWER Law of Inertia
2nd law - CORRECT ANSWER F=ma
3rd law - CORRECT ANSWER Every action has an equal and opposite reaction
Force - CORRECT ANSWER mass x acceleration
Density - CORRECT ANSWER mass/volume
kinetic energy - CORRECT ANSWER 1/2 x mass x speed^2
work - CORRECT ANSWER force x distance
Joule - CORRECT ANSWER 1 newton/1 meter
Power - CORRECT ANSWER force*distance/time or work/time
Boyle's Law - CORRECT ANSWER P1V1=P2V2, inverse
Charles' Law - CORRECT ANSWER V1/T1=V2/T2 (directly proportional)
Kelvin - CORRECT ANSWER Celsius + 273
Farenheit - CORRECT ANSWER (9/5)C+32
pitch - CORRECT ANSWER high frequency is high pitched and low is low
loudness depends on - CORRECT ANSWER amplitude
Refraction - CORRECT ANSWER Bending of light
Dispersion - CORRECT ANSWER light separates into colors
electrical power - CORRECT ANSWER voltage x current [Show Less]