NIH STROKE SCALE The NINDS t-PA Stroke Trial No. ___ ___-___ ___ ___-___ ___ ___
FORM 5 Pt. Date of Birth ___ ___/___ ___/___ ___
1 of 4 Hospital
... [Show More] ________________________(___ ___-___ ___)
Date of Exam ___ ___/___ ___/___ ___
Interval: 1[ ] Baseline 2[ ] 2 hours post treatment 3[ ] 24 hours post onset of symptoms ±20 minutes 4[ ] 7-10 days
5[ ] 3 months 6[ ] Other ________________________________(___ ___)
Time: 1:13[ ]am 2[x ]pm
Administer stroke scale items in the order listed. Record performance in each category after each subscale exam. Do not go back and change scores. Follow directions provided for each exam technique. Scores should reflect what the patient does, not what the clinician thinks the patient can do. The clinician should record answers while administering the exam and work quickly. Except where indicated, the patient should not be coached (i.e., repeated requests to patient to make a special effort).
IF ANY ITEM IS LEFT UNTESTED, A DETAILED EXPLANATION MUST BE CLEARLY WRITTEN ON THE FORM. ALL
UNTESTED ITEMS WILL BE REVIEWED BY THE MEDICAL MONITOR, AND DISCUSSED WITH THE EXAMINER BY
TELEPHONE.
Instructions
1a. Level of Consciousness: The investigator must choose a response, even if a full evaluation is prevented by such obstacles as an endotracheal tube, language barrier, orotracheal trauma/bandages. A 3 is scored only if the patient makes no movement (other than reflexive posturing) in response to noxious stimulation.
1b. LOC Questions: The patient is asked the month and his/her age. The answer must be correct - there is no partial credit for being close. Aphasic and stuporous patients who do not comprehend the questions will score 2. Patients unable to speak because of endotracheal intubation, orotracheal trauma, severe dysarthria from any cause, language barrier or any other problem not secondary to aphasia are given a 1. It is important that only the initial answer be graded and that the examiner not "help" the patient with verbal or non-verbal cues.
1c. LOC Commands: The patient is asked to open and close the eyes and then to grip and release the non-paretic hand. Substitute another one step command if the hands cannot be used. Credit is given if an unequivocal attempt is made but not completed due to weakness. If the patient does not respond to command, the task should be demonstrated to them (pantomime) and score the result (i.e., follows none, one or two commands). Patients with trauma, amputation, or other physical impediments should be given suitable one-step commands. Only the first attempt is scored.
2. Best Gaze: Only horizontal eye movements will be tested. Voluntary or reflexive (oculocephalic) eye movements will be scored but caloric testing is not done. If the patient has a conjugate deviation of the eyes that can be overcome by voluntary or reflexive activity, the score will be 1. If a patient has an isolated peripheral nerve paresis (CN III, IV or VI) score a 1. Gaze is testable in all aphasic patients. Patients with ocular trauma, bandages, pre-existing blindness or other disorder of visual acuity or fields should be tested with reflexive movements and a choice made by the investigator. Establishing eye contact and then moving about the patient from side to side will occasionally clarify the presence of a partial gaze palsy.
Scale Definition Score
0 = Alert; keenly responsive.
1 = Not alert, but arousable by minor stimulation to obey, answer, or respond.
2 = Not alert, requires repeated stimulation to attend, or is 0 obtunded and requires strong or painful stimulation to ______ make movements (not stereotyped).
3 = Responds only with reflex motor or autonomic effects or totally unresponsive, flaccid, areflexic.
0 = Answers both questions correctly.
0
1 = Answers one question correctly. ______
2 = Answers neither question correctly.
0 = Performs both tasks correctly
1 = Performs one task correctly
2 = Performs neither task correctly ___0___
0 = Normal
1 = Partial gaze palsy. This score is given when gaze is
abnormal in one or both eyes, but where forced __1_ deviation or total gaze paresis are not present.
2 = Forced deviation, or total gaze paresis not overcome by the oculocephalic maneuver.
3. Visual: Visual fields (upper and lower quadrants) are tested by 0 = No visual loss confrontation, using finger counting or visual threat as appropriate.
Patient must be encouraged, but if they look at the side of the moving 1 = Partial hemianopia
fingers appropriately, this can be scored as normal. If there is unilateral ___0___ blindness or enucleation, visual fields in the remaining eye are scored. 2 = Complete hemianopia Score 1 only if a clear-cut asymmetry, including quadrantanopia is
found. If patient is blind from any cause score 3. Double simultaneous 3 = Bilateral hemianopia (blind including cortical blindness) stimulation is performed at this point. If there is extinction patient receives a 1 and the results are used to answer question 11.
4. Facial Palsy: Ask, or use pantomime to encourage the patient to 0 = Normal symmetrical movement
show teeth or raise eyebrows and close eyes. Score symmetry of 1 = Minor paralysis (flattened nasolabial fold, asymmetry on grimace in response to noxious stimuli in the poorly responsive or non- smiling)
comprehending patient. If facial trauma/bandages, orotracheal tube, 2 = Partial paralysis (total or near total paralysis of lower face) ___0___ tape or other physical barrier obscures the face, these should be 3 = Complete paralysis of one or both sides (absence of facial
removed to the extent possible. movement in the upper and lower face)
05 & 6. Motor Arm and Leg: The limb is placed in the appropriate 0 =No drift, limb holds 90 (or 45) degrees for full 10 seconds. position: extend the arms (palms down) 90 degrees (if sitting) or 45 1 =Drift, Limb holds 90 (or 45) degrees, but drifts down before degrees (if supine) and the leg 30 degrees (always tested supine). Drift full 10 seconds; does not hit bed or other support.
is scored if the arm falls before 10 seconds or the leg before 5 seconds. 2 =Some effort against gravity, limb cannot get to or maintain The aphasic patient is encouraged using urgency in the voice and (if cued) 90 (or 45) degrees, drifts down to bed, but has pantomime but not noxious stimulation. Each limb is tested in turn, some effort against gravity. beginning with the non-paretic arm. Only in the case of amputation or 3 =No effort against gravity, limb falls.
joint fusion at the shoulder or hip may the score be "9" and the 4 =No movement examiner must clearly write the explanation for scoring as a "9". 9 = Amputation, joint fusion explain: ______________________
5a. Left Arm
5b. Right Arm ___3___
___0___
0 =No drift, leg holds 30 degrees position for full 5 seconds.
1 =Drift, leg falls by the end of the 5 second period but does not hit bed.
2 =Some effort against gravity; leg falls to bed by 5 seconds, but has some effort against gravity.
3 =No effort against gravity, leg falls to bed immediately.
4 =No movement
9 =Amputation, joint fusion explain:_________________
6a. Left Leg
6b. Right Leg ___1___
__0____
7. Limb Ataxia: This item is aimed at finding evidence of a unilateral 0 = Absent
cerebellar lesion. Test with eyes open. In case of visual defect, insure 1 = Present in one limb
testing is done in intact visual field. The finger-nose-finger and heel- 2 = Present in two limbs ____2__ shin tests are performed on both sides, and ataxia is scored only if
present out of proportion to weakness. Ataxia is absent in the patient If present, is ataxia in
Right arm 1 = Yes 2 = No who cannot understand or is paralyzed. Only in the case of amputation
9 = amputation or joint fusion, explain ___________________ ____0__ or joint fusion may the item be scored "9", and the examiner must
Left arm 1 = Yes 2 = No clearly write the explanation for not scoring. In case of blindness test
9 = amputation or joint fusion, explain ___________________ ____2__ by touching nose from extended arm position.
Right leg 1 = Yes 2 = No
9 = amputation or joint fusion, explain ___________________ ___0___
Left leg 1 = Yes 2 = No
9 = amputation or joint fusion, explain ___________________ __2____
8. Sensory: Sensation or grimace to pin prick when tested, or 0 = Normal; no sensory loss.
withdrawal from noxious stimulus in the obtunded or aphasic patient.
Only sensory loss attributed to stroke is scored as abnormal and the 1 = Mild to moderate sensory loss; patient feels pinprick is less examiner should test as many body areas [arms (not hands), legs, sharp or is dull on the affected side; or there is a loss of
trunk, face] as needed to accurately check for hemisensory loss. A superficial pain with pinprick but patient is aware he/she
score of 2, "severe or total," should only be given when a severe or total is being touched. ___2___ loss of sensation can be clearly demonstrated. Stuporous and aphasic
patients will therefore probably score 1 or 0. The patient with brain 2 = Severe to total sensory loss; patient is not aware of being stem stroke who has bilateral loss of sensation is scored 2. If the touched in the face, arm, and leg.
patient does not respond and is quadriplegic score 2. Patients in coma (item 1a=3) are arbitrarily given a 2 on this item.
9. Best Language: A great deal of information about comprehension 0 = No aphasia, normal will be obtained during the preceding sections of the examination. The
patient is asked to describe what is happening in the attached picture, 1 = Mild to moderate aphasia; some obvious loss of fluency or to name the items on the attached naming sheet, and to read from the facility of comprehension, without significant limitation on attached list of sentences. Comprehension is judged from responses ideas expressed or form of expression. Reduction of here as well as to all of the commands in the preceding general speech and/or comprehension, however, makes neurological exam. If visual loss interferes with the tests, ask the conversation about provided material difficult or patient to identify objects placed in the hand, repeat, and produce impossible. For example in conversation about provided
speech. The intubated patient should be asked to write. The patient in materials examiner can identify picture or naming card
coma (question 1a=3) will arbitrarily score 3 on this item. The examiner from patient's response. ____0__ must choose a score in the patient with stupor or limited cooperation
but a score of 3 should be used only if the patient is mute and follows 2 = Severe aphasia; all communication is through fragmentary
no one step commands. expression; great need for inference, questioning, and guessing
by the listener. Range of information that can be exchanged is limited; listener carries burden of communication. Examiner cannot identify materials provided from patient response.
3 = Mute, global aphasia; no usable speech or auditory comprehension.
10. Dysarthria: If patient is thought to be normal an adequate sample 0 = Normal
of speech must be obtained by asking patient to read or repeat words 1 = Mild to moderate; patient slurs at least some words and, at from the attached list. If the patient has severe aphasia, the clarity of worst, can be understood with some difficulty. articulation of spontaneous speech can be rated. Only if the patient is 2 = Severe; patient's speech is so slurred as to be unintelligible __0____ intubated or has other physical barrier to producing speech, may the in the absence of or out of proportion to any dysphasia, item be scored "9", and the examiner must clearly write an explanation or is mute/anarthric.
for not scoring. Do not tell the patient why he/she is being tested. 9 = Intubated or other physical barrier,
explain_____________________________
11. Extinction and Inattention (formerly Neglect): Sufficient information to identify neglect may be obtained during the prior testing. If the patient has a severe visual loss preventing visual double simultaneous stimulation, and the cutaneous stimuli are normal, the score is normal. If the patient has aphasia but does appear to attend to both sides, the score is normal. The presence of visual spatial neglect or anosagnosia may also be taken as evidence of abnormality. Since the abnormality is scored only if present, the item is never untestable.
0 = No abnormality.
1 = Visual, tactile, auditory, spatial, or personal inattention or extinction to bilateral simultaneous stimulation in one of ___2___ the sensory modalities.
2 = Profound hemi-inattention or hemi-inattention to more than one modality. Does not recognize own hand or orients to only one side of space.
Additional item, not a part of the NIH Stroke Scale score.
A. Distal Motor Function: The patient's hand is held up at the forearm by the examiner and patient is asked to extend his/her fingers as much as possible. If the patient can't or doesn't extend the fingers the examiner places the fingers in full extension and observes for any flexion movement for 5 seconds. The patient's first attempts only are graded. Repetition of the instructions or of the testing is prohibited.
0 = Normal (No flexion after 5 seconds)
1 = At least some extension after 5 seconds, but not fully extended. Any movement of the fingers which is not command is not scored.
2 = No voluntary extension after 5 seconds. Movements of the fingers at another time are not scored.
a. Left Arm ______
b. Right Arm ______
12. ___Destiny Metyk, SN______________ (11)
Person Administering Scale Code
You know how.
Down to earth.
I got home from work.
Near the table in the dining room.
They heard him speak on the radio last night.
MAMA
TIP – TOP
FIFTY – FIFTY
THANKS
HUCKLEBERRY
BASEBALL PLAYER
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