Neurotransmitter Table
* To be completed throughout course and submitted in Week
... [Show More] 8*
Neuro
transmitter
Receptor
Subtype
Location/Function/Effects
/symptoms of excess or
deficit if applicable
Distribution
(ie: CNS/PNS,
GI, vascular)
Drug classes that
target this
neurotransmitter or
receptor
Specific medications that target this
neurotransmitter or receptor
Glutamate AMPA α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-
methyl-4-
isoxazolepropionic acid
(AMPA)-type glutamate
receptors (AMPARs)
mediate the majority of
fast excitatory synaptic
transmission in the brain.
AMPA receptors are
abundant and widely
distributed in the central
nervous system.
Hippocampus, outer layer
of the cortex, basal
ganglia, olfactory regions,
lateral septum, and
amygdala of the CNS are
all enriched with GluA1,
GluA2, and GluA3
subunits.
CNS AMPA Receptor
Antagonists
Perampanel
MNDA N-methyl-D-aspartate
(NMDA) receptors
represent one of the
ligand-gated non-selective
ionotropic glutamate
receptors (iGluRs), which
CNS
NMDA receptors
are found in
both synaptic
and
extrasynaptic
NDMA Glutamate
Antagonist
NDMA Glutamate AntagonistMemantine
Phencyclidine
Ketamine
Dextromethorphan
Dextromethadone
are present in high density
within the hippocampus
and the cerebral cortex
N-methyl-D-aspartate
(NMDA) receptors, a
family of L-glutamate
receptors, play an
important role in learning
and memory, and are
critical for spatial memory
demonstrated
deterioration in NMDA
receptor subunit
expression and function
with advancing age
locations on
neurons. NMDA
receptors also
can be found on
neurons in early
stages prior to
synaptogenesis,
where they may
be involved in
migration and
differentiation.
Extrasynaptic
NMDA receptors
typically are
associated with
contacts with
adjacent
processes such
as axons and
glia
GABA GABA a Limbic system
GABAa is considered in
fast synaptic inhibition.
GABAa
receptors are
located
throughout the
central nervous
system
Benzodiazepines
Neuroactive Steroids
Zolpidem
Zaleplon
Zopiclone
Eszopiclone
Allepregnanolone
Serotonin
5HT
5HT 1a 5HT1A receptors are
located on GABA
interneurons in the
prefrontal cortex
5HT1A receptors can
promote the release of
CNS partial 5-HT1A-R
agonists
buspirone, gepirone, and
tandospirone
other neurotransmitters.
5HT1A receptors are
always inhibitory, but they
are very frequently
localized upon
postsynaptic GABA
neurons, which means
that the net downstream
effect in this case is
actually excitatory
Excess
Psychosis mood imbalance
anxiety
5HT 1B 5HT1B receptors are
inhibitory and can
specifically inhibit
neurotransmitter release
from norepinephrine,
dopamine, histamine, and
acetylcholine neurons
when these receptors are
localized upon presynaptic
nerve terminals of these
neurons
Imbalance causes
Depression
CNS Serotonin 1b Receptor
Agonists
Almotriptan
Zolmitriptan
Sumatriptan
Naratriptan
Rizatriptan
Frovatriptan
Eletriptan
5HT 1d 5-hydroxytryptamine
(serotonin) receptor 1D,
also known as HTR1D, is a
5-HT receptor, but also
denotes the human gene
encoding it. 5-HT1D acts
on the central nervous
system, and affects
CNS Serotonin 5-HT1D
Receptor Antagonists
Antipsychotics
Antipsychotics
Ziprasidone
Paliperidone
Clozapine
Aripiprazole
Yohimbine
Risperidone
locomotion and anxiety. It
also induces
vasoconstriction in the
brain.
Serotonin 5-HT1D
receptors, previously
known as 5-HT1Dα
receptors, are located
primarily in the basal
ganglia, hippocampus,
cortex, spinal cord and
vascular smooth muscle
cells. 5-HT1D receptors are
thought to be involved in
neuropsychiatric disorders
such as depression.
5ht 1e Function-unknown
Serotonin 5-ht1E receptors
are primarily located in
the frontal cortex, caudate
putamen, claustrum,
hippocampus, and
amygdala.
CNS
5HT 1F The 5-HT1F receptor is
found on terminals and
cell bodies of trigeminal
ganglion neurons and can
modulate the release of
CGRP from these nerves.
CNS SEROTONIN 5-HT1F
AGONISTS
Lasmiditan
Reyvow
5HT 2A 5HT2A receptors can both
promote and inhibit the
release of other
neurotransmitters.
Imbalance cause Mood
CNS Serotonin 5-HT2A
Receptor Antagonists
Methysergide An ergot alkaloid used
for the prophylaxis of migraine and
cluster headaches.
Mirtazapine A tetracyclic
antidepressant used in the treatment [Show Less]