Stimulate and deliver low-to-moderate O2 concentrations
An APGAR score of 5 is determined 1 minute after delivery of a term infant. Which of the
... [Show More] following should be done next?
a. Stimulate and deliver low-to-moderate O2 concentrations
b. Intubate and initiate mechanical ventilation
c. Intubate and initiate CPAP and 80% O2
d. Initiate nasal CPAP and 100% O2
Pulmonary hypertension
The foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus remain patent in infants with persistent fetal circulation as a direct result of which of the following?
a. Hypocarbia
b. Pulmonary hypertension
c. Hyperoxia
d. Arterial hypotension
To decrease functional residual capacity
Which of the following is not an indication for nasal CPAP in an infant?
a. To increase static lung compliance
b. To decrease functional residual capacity
c. To decrease pulmonary vascular resistance
d. To decrease intrapulmonary shunting
2 and 3 only
Which of the following are potential complications of an umbilical artery catheter (UAC)?
1. Pneumothorax
2. Thromboembolism
3. Infection
a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 1 and 3 only
d. 2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3 only
Which of the following may occur as a result of cold stress in an infant?
1. Hypoxemia
2. Metabolic acidosis
3. Hypoglycemia
4.Decreased O2 consumption
a. 1 and 3 only
b. 2 and 4 only
c. 1, 2, and 3 only
d. 1, 2, and 4 only
Cystic fibrosis
An elevation in the levels of chloride in sweat is diagnostic for which of the following lung conditions?
a. Bronchiolitis
b. Cystic fibrosis
c. Hyaline membrane disease
d. Epiglottitis
1 and 3 only
A 28-week gestational age neonate is suspected of having a pneumothorax. Which of the following should the respiratory therapist recommend to help diagnose if this condition is present?
1. Transillumination of the chest
2. Transcutaneous PO2 monitoring
3. Chest radiograph
4. Arterial blood gas
a. 1 and 3 only
b. 1, 2, and 3 only
c. 2, 3, and 4 only
d. 1, 2, 3, and 4
80 mmHg
To prevent the development of retinopathy of prematurity in a neonate, the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) should not exceed what level?
a. 40 mmHg
b. 60 mmHg
c. 80 mmHg
d. 100 mmHg
Persistant pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN)
A pre- and postductal study is done on a neonate using two transcutaneous O2 monitors. The transcutaneous oxygen pressure )TcPO2) reads 60 mmHg on the right upper chest and 40 mmHg on the thigh. This is indicative of which of the following?
a. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)
b. Persistant pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN)
c. Tension pneumothorax
d. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)
Inhaled nitric oxide
Which of the following is appropriate treatment for PPHN?
a. Permissive hypercapnia
b. Maintaining PaO2 levels at 40 to 50 mmHg
c. Vasopressor administration
d. Inhaled nitric oxide
Heart rate, respiratory effort, color, reflex irritability, muscle tone
What 5 conditions are assessed in the APGAR score?
Indicates severe asphyxia; requires immediate resuscitation with ventilator assistance.
Describe appropriate intervention for the following APGAR score: 0-3
Indicates moderate asphyxia; requires stimulation and O2 administration
Describe appropriate intervention for the following APGAR score: 4-6
Is normal, requires routine observation, suctioning the upper airway with bulb syringe, drying the infant, and placing under warmer.
Describe appropriate intervention for the following APGAR score: 7-10
Nasal flaring
What is often the first sign of respiratory distress in the infant?
pH, 7.35-7.45; PaCO2, 35-45 mmHg; PaO2, 50-70 mmHg; HCO3, 20-26 mEq/L; BE, -5-+5
List the normal ABG levels of an infant
Indications for nasal CPAP
1. To improve oxygenation
2. To increase static compliance
3. To increase functional residual capacity
4. To decrease WOB
5. To decrease intrapulmonary shunting
6. To decrease PVR [Show Less]