NCLEX Review _ UWORLD
Pediatrics
-Normal Vital Signs in Peds
1 -12 months pulse: 100-160/min
1-12 month resp : 30-60/min
Blood glucose
... [Show More] for infant: 40-60 mg/dL within first 24 hours
o Hypoglycemia in infant:
Jitters
Cyanosis
Tremors
Pallor
Poor feeding
Retractions
Lethargic
Low o2 sat
seizures
Appendicitis
Right lower quadrant pain
Nausea
Vomiting
High WBC
Requires emergency surgery to prevent rupture
Once appendix ruptures, pain is relieved temporarily and will return with full blown
peritonitis & sepsis
Tooth Avulsion
Permanent teeth came out
Place in cold milk immediately to have an hour of time before tooth dies
Take to emergency room immediately to avoid loss of tooth
Esophageal Atresia
Esophagus and trachea do not close properly
Must b corrected with surgery
Infant may have:
o Frothy saliva
o Coughing
o Choking
o Drooling
o Distended abdomen
o Apnea/cyanosis while feeding
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
Apnea
Choking
Cyanosis due to aspiration of fluid while eating
Projectile vomiting is CLASSIC manifestation
Retinoblastoma
Tumor in childhood
Intraocular malignancy occurring in kids less than 2
Recognized when parents report white glow of pupil while taking photograph
Absent red reflex
Strabismus is another common sign
Visual impairment is late sign indicating advance disease
Tx:
o Radiation
o Enucleation (removal of eye) & fit for prosthesis
o May be hereditary
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Born to opioid dependent mother
Experiences withdrawal 24-48 hrs after birth
Baby is irritiable, jittery, high pitch cry, sneezes, diarrhea, vomit, poor feeding
Place baby in side lying position while swaddled to minimize stimulation
Use pacifier between feedings
Place in quiet, dim lit part of nursery
Tx with opioid therapy
Chicken Pox
Airborne spread of secretions and direct contact of open lesions
Most contagious 1-2 before rash and after onset but before crusted lesions
Negative air flow room
Antihistamine for itchy and acetaminophen for fever…no aspirin!
Strabismus
Disorder of misalignment of eye from birth defect or acquired weakness
Crosseyed
Common treatment is to wear patch over strong eye; surgery may be required if this is
not successful
RSV
Common cause of infection in infants and kids
Winter time [Show Less]