NCAC II, NCAC I Exam, NCAC I
Pharmacology, NCAC Practice Test -
Momentix Book, Alcoholics Anonymous
(AA)
Study Guide from Modules I-III
Family
... [Show More] Structure - ANS-Alcoholic marries an enabler, the first child is the Hero... they
are usually perfect "see we are good" The second child is the scapegoat and can do no
right. Then is the lost child. If they have another that child is the mascot.
Lost Child - ANS-Most likely to commit suicide
Epinephrine/NE - ANS-*Body's natural stimulant
*responsible for anxiety and fear, anger, hostility & violence
*Instinctual fight or flight
*predominant neurotransmitter in brain
*affected by cocaine and amphetamines
Serotonin - ANS-*responsible for calmness and sleep, appetite, some memories
*responsible for some types of depression
*offsets the effects of E/NE
*affected by cocaine and amphetimines
GABA - ANS-*Natural anti-anxiety, anti-convulsant.
*Helps cope with stressful situations
*affected by etoh, benzo, barbs
Endorphins - ANS-*body's natural pain killer
*brain does not distinguish between physical, emotional & spiritual pain. In all instances
endorphins are released
*More pain receptor sites than pleasure receptor sites.
* We remember painful events more vividly our our brains are designed to avoid these
situations.
*Increase in endorphins vis exercise, laughter, meditations, sleep, food, healthy
relationships/sex & music
*Affected by opiates, soma & etoh
Dynorphin - ANS-Form of endorphin that is released at childbirth. 700x stronger than
morphine. Helps offset fatigue, forget the intensity of the pain, bonds mother and child.
Acetylcholine - ANS-*Memory, Movement, Motivation, New Learning (learning in
general)
*Depletion results in alzheimers symptoms
*Affected by THC
Anandamide - ANS-Similar to aceylcholine.
*Memory, New Learning specific, calmness, controlling movement
*Affected by THC
Glutamate - ANS-*Memory
*Duck tape of the brain... regenerates and mimics other neurotransmitters to fill the
gaps for the ones that have been damaged
*Anti Convulsant
Dopamine - ANS-*Pleasure (located in the pleasure pathway)
*every drug mimics or releases dopamine
*cocaine and other stimulates actually block the re-uptake of dopamine so that it
increases the dopamine response
*etoh & opiates enhance dopamine release that would otherwise block/inhibit dopamine
secreting neurons.
*Schizophrenia is noted to be too much dopamine in the brain
*too few dopamines mimic parkinsons
*Affected by all drugs but mostly meth.
Methamphetimine high - ANS-most resembles schizophrenia
Meth withdrawal - ANS-mimics parkinsons
Meth results in the release of so much dopamine - ANS-that it can take YEARS for the
person to learn to feel pleasure again.
PIP (phenylimide Indoleamine Pyrimidine) - ANS-*responsible for feeling of true
care/love
*affects various parts of the brain at one time
*decreases after about 3 years bc the brain cannot sustain the same level of intensity.
The passion sorta burns out.
*PIP changes to endorphins after decades in a relationship
Adverse Effects of substances are usually seen - ANS-in those with ADHD or Bipolar w
Korsacoff Wenicke Syndrome - ANS-After prolonged alcohol abuse, the person is
unable to walk steadily (like walking in sand), eyes twitch back and forth
State Dependent Learning - ANS-Learn when high on THC, does not remember when
sober, does remember when under the influence of THC later.
Pharmacology - ANS-Branch of science that examines how psychoactive substances
taken to alter bodily functions or enhance bodily functions interact with the brain and
body
Psychoactive Substance - ANS-any drug that affects the CNS and alters consciousness
and or perceptions
physiological effects - ANS-physical signs
psychological effects - ANS-alterations in perception or judgment caused by substance.
chemical interaction - ANS-physiological and psychological effects of 2 or more
substances administered at the same time
withdrawal - ANS-signs and symptoms that occur when an indiv that is physically
dependent on a substance discontinues its use.
treatment applications - ANS-method of detox, stabilization & maintenance
tolerance - ANS-after repeated admin. a given dose of a substance produces a
decreased effect or conversely with increased/larger doses must be administered to get
the effect observed with the original dose
dependence - ANS-known as addictions, a behavioral pattern of compulsive substance
use characterized by consistent involvement with the use of a substance, securing of its
supply and a high tendency to relapse after withdrawal.
detoxification - ANS-eliminating the substance from your body
*The first step in sobriety and treatment
Levels of Psychoactive Substance Use - ANS-Recreational- Circumstantial-Intensified
Use- cCompulsive Use
cross tolerance - ANS-the ability of pharmacologically similar substances to substitute
for one another in relation to tolerance and prevention of withdrawal (ie using
hydrocodone when heroin isn't available)
Schedule I - ANS-No medical Use, cannot be dispensed by a prescriber. Severe
dependence, high potential for abuse
Schedule II - ANS-Severe dependence, high potential for abuse.
Some accepted medical use, but with severe restrictions
Schedule III - ANS-Moderate or low physical dependence OR high psychological
dependence. Moderate potential for abuse
Has accepted medical uses and can be dispensed by authorized prescriber
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