NBME CBSE ACTUAL TEST
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS(Quiz
bank with all the correct
answers)(usmle step 1)Medical
examination
Type II pneumocytes -
... [Show More] ANSWER_surfactant (*lecithin*)
Proliferate after injury
Type I progenitors
*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome*
Type II pneumocytes - ANSWER_surfactant (*lecithin*)
Proliferate after injury
Type I progenitors
*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome*
Polio live v killed vaccine - ANSWER_Killed = Salk = IgG
Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA
- can be shed in feces
Polio live v killed vaccine - ANSWER_Killed = Salk = IgG
Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA
- can be shed in feces
Neonatal Respiratory Distress:
Etiology + Tx - ANSWER_Maternal DM (*high insulin*)
or C-section (*low cortisol*)
TX: *dexamethasone* before birth
Neonatal Respiratory Distress:
Etiology + Tx - ANSWER_Maternal DM (*high insulin*)
or C-section (*low cortisol*)
TX: *dexamethasone* before birth
Lung maturity determined with - ANSWER_Amniocentesis of Phospholipids (*type II pneumocytes)
L >> S
Lung maturity determined with - ANSWER_Amniocentesis of Phospholipids (*type II pneumocytes)
L >> S
Type I pneumocytes - ANSWER_Squamous gas diffusion
Type I pneumocytes - ANSWER_Squamous gas diffusion
Elastase in lungs - ANSWER_macrophage: *lysosomes*
PMN: *azuronphilic granules*
Elastase in lungs - ANSWER_macrophage: *lysosomes*
PMN: *azuronphilic granules*
Elastin stretches and recoils due to - ANSWER_Lysine interchain crosslinks
Elastin stretches and recoils due to - ANSWER_Lysine interchain crosslinks
air pressure and
intrapleural pressure at FRC - ANSWER_Air pressure = 0
Intrapleural pressure = -5
air pressure and
intrapleural pressure at FRC - ANSWER_Air pressure = 0
Intrapleural pressure = -5
Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - ANSWER_Exhale of Tidal Volume
Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - ANSWER_Exhale of Tidal Volume
Lung Compliance is decreased by - ANSWER_LHF, pulmonary edema,
pulmonary fibrosis
Lung Compliance is decreased by - ANSWER_LHF, pulmonary edema,
pulmonary fibrosis
Lung Compliance is increased by - ANSWER_emphysema, age
Lung Compliance is increased by - ANSWER_emphysema, age
Obesity affects ERV and FRC - ANSWER_DECREASE
ERV & FRC
Obesity affects ERV and FRC - ANSWER_DECREASE
ERV & FRC
Blood flow/min (pulmonary v systemic) - ANSWER_pulmonary = systemic
Blood flow/min (pulmonary v systemic) - ANSWER_pulmonary = systemic
Anatomic pulmonary shunting - ANSWER_Bronchial circulation causes
*decreased PO2 in LA/LV*
than in pulmonary capillaries
Anatomic pulmonary shunting - ANSWER_Bronchial circulation causes
*decreased PO2 in LA/LV*
than in pulmonary capillaries
More ventilation is at the - ANSWER_BASE
More ventilation is at the - ANSWER_BASE
O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - ANSWER_basic, cold, low 2,3 BPG
low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)
O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - ANSWER_basic, cold, low 2,3 BPG
low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)
O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - ANSWER_low pH, high 2,3BPG, high T
HOT, ACIDIC
O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - ANSWER_low pH, high 2,3BPG, high T
HOT, ACIDIC
CO2 transport to lungs - ANSWER_*carbonic anhydrase*
Cl shift
*Haldane*: CO2 released to lung
(*Bohr*: O2 release to tissue)
CO2 transport to lungs - ANSWER_*carbonic anhydrase*
Cl shift
*Haldane*: CO2 released to lung
(*Bohr*: O2 release to tissue)
CO poisoning causes - ANSWER_carboxyhemoglobin
no affect on PaO2
CO poisoning causes - ANSWER_carboxyhemoglobin
no affect on PaO2
Cyanide poisoning causes - ANSWER_lactic acidosis
Cyanide poisoning causes - ANSWER_lactic acidosis
How to treat cyanide poisoning - ANSWER_*Amyl nitrite* --> Methemoglobin
THEN *Thiosulfate* (hydroxycobalamin)
How to treat cyanide poisoning - ANSWER_*Amyl nitrite* --> Methemoglobin
THEN *Thiosulfate* (hydroxycobalamin)
Normal A-a gradient - ANSWER_5-15
Hypoventilation: Heroin OD or high altitude
Normal A-a gradient - ANSWER_5-15
Hypoventilation: Heroin OD or high altitude
Increased A-a gradient - ANSWER_*Diffusion impairment* (fibrosis)
*R-L shunt* (aspiration, ARDS)
*V/Q mismatch* (pulmonary edema
Increased A-a gradient - ANSWER_*Diffusion impairment* (fibrosis)
*R-L shunt* (aspiration, ARDS)
*V/Q mismatch* (pulmonary edema [Show Less]