Bates Chapter 17 Neuro
Brain has 4 regions - 1. Cerebrum
2. Diencephalon
3. Brainstem
4. Cerebellum
Brain hemisphere - 1. Frontal
2. Parietal
3.
... [Show More] Temporal
4. Occipatal
Neurons - Interconnecting nerve cells, consisting of cell bodies
Axons - Single long fibers conduct impulses to other parts of nervous system
Basal Ganglia (deep in brain) - Affects movement
Thalamus - Process sensory impulses
Hypothalamus - Maintains homeostasis & temperature regulation, HR, BP
Affects endocrine system
Governs emotional behaviors e.g. anger, sexual drive
Hormones act directly on pituitary gland structures in diencephalon
Gray matter - Aggregations neuronal cell bodies.
Rims surfaces of cerebral hemispheres = forms cerebral cortex
White matter - neuronal axons coated w myelin (white color), allow
nerve impulses to rapidly travel
Consciousness - interactions between intact cerebral hemispheres & reticular activating
(arousal) system in (*diencephalon & upper brainstem*)
Identify the following...
cerebellum
occipital lobe
parietal lobe
corpus callosum
frontal lobe
midbrain
pons
medulla -
Identify the following...
cerebellum
occipital lobe
wernicke's area
Bates Chapter 17 Neuro
parietal lobe
postcentral gyrus
central sulcus
precentral sulcus
frontal lobe
lateral fissure
broca's area
temporal lobe
medula -
Cerebellum - Base of brain; *coordinates all movement*, helps maintain
*body upright in space*
Lumbar puncture - L3-L4 or L4-L5 vertebral interspaces to avoid spinal cord injuries
Cauda equina. - Fan out like a horse's tail at L1-L2, where spinal cord terminates
Spinal cord - Contains: grey matter (aggregations of nerve cell nuclei & dentrites) and
white matter *connect to brain to PNS*
Cord provides: segmental relays with the periphery, servings as a conduit for info flow to
and from brain. Motor and sensory nerve pathways enter/exit through posterior/anterior
nerve roots and spinal & pheripheral nerves.
How many pairs of spinal nerves?
Cervical?
Thoracic?
Lumbar
Sacral?
Coccygeal? - 31 pairs
8 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacral
1 coccygeal
Peripheral nervous system (PNS) - CNS & peripheral nerves. project to heart, visceral
organs, skin, & limbs
Pheripheral nerves includes - *Spinal and pheripheral nerves* carry impulses to and
from spinal cord
Brain stem - Connects upper brain w/ spinal cord. Consist 3 sections:
1. Midbrain (CN II-IV)
2. Pons (CN V-VIII)
3. Medulla (CN IX-XII) [Show Less]