The Great Vowel Shift is a sound law that targeted both consonants and vowels.
caused the pronunciation of long vowels in English to shift higher up;
... [Show More] higher position in the mouth.
Three Cueing Systems
*graphophonemic
*syntactic
*semantic
syntatic
the rules that structure the language, and how the symbols can be arranged
Semantics
the set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes, words, and sentences in a given language; also, the study of meaning
Learning Styles
The different ways people naturally think and learn
visual learner
a person who learns new material best by seeing it
audio learner
Learn best through verbal lectures, discussions, talking things through and listening to what others have to say.
Interpret the underlying meanings of speech through listening to tone of voice, pitch, speed and other nuances.
Written information may have little meaning until it is heard.
Often benefit from reading text aloud and using a tape recorder.
Kinesthetic learners
People who learn best through a hands-on approach; also called tactile learners.
aural
of or related to the ear or the sense of hearing
Why students participate in reading / learning activities
refers to the motivation for the activity
The formal Standard English applies to
written language.
The formal version of English is reflected through
dictionaries and grammar books and applied in written language.
In speech
Standard English is NOT universal.
Speech differs in pronunciation between northern & southern regions
and between native English speakers in England, Ireland, Australia, India and other English speaking areas.
speech community
a group of people who share a set of norms and expectations regarding the use of language
Microculture
the smallest subgroup within a culture that shares specific cultural features such as values or behaviors
pidgin language
language formed by combining parts of several different languages
Jargon
vocabulary distinctive to a particular group of people
Creole
A pidgin language that evolves to the point at which it becomes the primary language of the people who speak it
Dialect
A regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation to a particular region or social group.
Speech communities use a more flexible variety of informal Standard English
rather the Standard English of writing.
The construct of Standard English actually includes
a range of dialects because formal SE is used in writing and NOT speech.
quark is an example of:
neologisms: "new" aka creative coinages
creative coinages
are new words sometimes invented by people which then becomes part of our vocabulary.
The word quark was coined by the great Irish author
James Joyce, he used in Finnegans Wake, novel. Later used by physicist Murray Gell-Mann
Which are the stages in the writing process?
Prewriting, drafting, revising, editing and publishing
persuasive writing
A kind of speaking or writing that is intended to influence people's actions and/or thoughts.
narrative writing
Tells the story of real-life experiences
descriptive writing
writing that paints a picture of a person, place, thing, or idea
analytical writing
breaks a large idea into parts to help the reader see how they work together as a whole
expository writing
presents facts, discusses ideas, or explains a process
When writing a paper or essay, what should come first?
Original, fresh material that will engage the attention of the reader enough to continue reading.
Which of the following processes used in writing is the most complex?
Evaluation is the most complex of the thinking / writing strategies because it commonly incorporates comprehension, knowledge recall and application [Show Less]