Micro BIO: Week 3
Discussion 1:
1.)
Q.)
All living cells are capable of metabolism. Many metabolic pathways are amphibolic. Class, let's discuss the
... [Show More] many different ways cells regulate their metabolic pathways to maximize efficiency.
A.)
Our body maintains an extremely delicate balance between the concentration of metabolites and substrates. In the event that a pathway is not managed, abundance of a specific metabolite can bother the entire procedure. We should take cholesterol digestion system pathway for instance. There are different means by which the cells control the creation of cholesterol. For instance AMP controlled kinase protein identifies climate the concentration of ATP is high or not, if it’s low then the cell does not continue with the generation of it, by restraining the chemical that catalysis the creation of mevalonate. Other path is through translation figure that is available called SREBP. Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein control various qualities that are included in digestion system of cholesterol. Different protein denaturing segments are available that after accepting sign divides the halfway's in the digestion system of cholesterol. There are n-number of pathways in our body and all are controlled by a perplexing system of signals that direct them.
2.)
Q.)
The most efficient method of generating ATP for most organisms is aerobic respiration. What molecule is required for aerobic respiration? Some microbes thrive in an anaerobic environment. How do they efficiently generate ATP in these conditions?
A.) .
Aerobic Respiration by definition requires oxygen. Eukaryotes (Ex. Humans) use a combination of aerobic and anaerobic respiration. If you are using aerobic respiration this means that you are utilizing the Citric acid cycle/Krebs cycle and the Electron transport chain. While the Krebs cycle does not technically utilize Oxygen directly, the cycle cannot proceed without the Electron transport chain which does require Oxygen. In order to proceed with the Citric Acid Cycle we need Acetyl-CoA. Thus the molecule we need to begin aerobic respiration is Acetyl-CoA. Anaerobic respiration consists of either Glycolysis or Fermentation. Usually in a cell Glycolysis is coupled with Fermentation. This system is efficient because fermentation recycles the molecule NADH back to NAD+ this allows us to reuse NAD+ in Fermentation or Glycolysis.
3.)
Q.).
Let's see who can describe oxidation-reduction reactions and apply the role of specific electron carrier molecules.
A.) .
Oxidation- removal of one or more electrons.
Reduction- addition of electrons to an atom or molecule.
Similarity- Oxidation-reduction reactions are vital for biochemical reactions and industrial processes. The electron transfer system in cells and oxidation of glucose in the human body are examples of redox reactions. Redox reactions are used to reduce ores to obtain metals, to produce electrochemical cells. [Show Less]