medsurg kaplan notes EXAM WELL ELABORATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
cushings disease - ANSWER - "hypercortisolism"
symptoms: thin
... [Show More] legs&arms bc muscle wasting, truncal obesity, moon face, buffalo hump, purple skin striations, edema, decreased resistance to infection, cramps, osteoporosis
hypernatremia, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, HTN
needs high protein, low carb, low sodium diet
treat: adrenalectomy
graves disease - ANSWER - hyperthyroidism, increases metabolism
should not be drinking caffeine
diabetes insipidus - ANSWER - decreased production of ADH or decreased kidney response to ADH
signs: increased urine output & excessive thirst, urine gravity 1.001-1.005
thyroidectomy - ANSWER - watch for change in quality of respirations. assess for stridor, keep trache kit at bedside, keep in semi fowlers with ice to decr swelling
instruct to support neck when changing positions
watch for hemorrhage, tetany (bc parathyroid injury), will have IV calcium, VS every 15 min until stable then every 30.
glucocorticoids - ANSWER - convert protein and fat into glucose
DKA - ANSWER - severe hyperglycemia
life threatening condition of type 1 diabetes
acetone (fruity) breath, kussmauls respirations hot, dry, flushed skin, excessive thirst, rapid pulse
treat: fluids, insulin IV, electrolytes as ordered
hyperthyroidism - ANSWER - heat intolerance, tachypnea, tachycardia, weight loss, anxiety, palpitation, sleep deprivation, exophthalmos, increased perception to stimuli, irritability
diabetic exchange list - ANSWER -
transsphenoidal hypophyectomy - ANSWER - removal of tumor in pituitary gland
not allowed to brush teeth for 1-2 weeks to allow to heal, are allowed to floss and use mouth wash
addisons disease - ANSWER - deficiency of adrenal cortical hormones
diagnosis w/ ACTH stimulation test
causes: surgical removal of adrenal cortex, inadequate pituitary ACTH, sudden stop of hormone therapy, infection
signs: weakness, hypoglycemia, hypotension, dark skin pigmentation, low sodium, dehydration, high potassium, emaciation (thin), tachycardia
treat: hormone replacement therapy
watch for development of dysrhythmias [Show Less]