Medical Surgical HESI EXAM GRADED A 2022
what body system does PaCO2 affect? - CORRECT ANSWER ---lungs
what body system does HCO3 affect? - CORRECT
... [Show More] ANSWER ---kidneys
normal range of PaCO2 - CORRECT ANSWER ---35 to 45 mm Hg
normal range of HCO3 - CORRECT ANSWER ---21 to 28 mEq/L
what level of PaCO2 is considered acidosis? - CORRECT ANSWER ---higher than 45
what level of PaCO2 is considered alkalosis? - CORRECT ANSWER ---lower than 35
what level of HCO3 is considered acidosis? - CORRECT ANSWER ---lower than 21
what level of HCO3 is considered alkalosis? - CORRECT ANSWER ---higher than 28
what can increase PaCO2 levels? - CORRECT ANSWER ---decreased respirations
HCO3 - CORRECT ANSWER ---Concentration of bicarbonate ions in arterial blood
acidosis blood pH - CORRECT ANSWER ---less than 7.35
alkalosis blood pH - CORRECT ANSWER ---higher than 7.45
actual acid excess - CORRECT ANSWER ---caused by overproducing acids (and release of hydrogen ions) or under eliminating normally produced acids (retention of hydrogen ions)
Relative acidosis/ base deficit - CORRECT ANSWER ---the amount of acids does not increase. Instead the amount or strength of the bases decreases, which makes the fluid relatively more acidic than basic. Caused by either over eliminating or underproducing bicarbonate ions (HCO3−)
acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER ---Amount of acids present (CO2) is greater than normal compared with the amount of strengths of bases (HCO3)
Problems that increase acid production - CORRECT ANSWER ---diabetic ketoacidosis and seizures
Problems that decrease acid production - CORRECT ANSWER ---respiratory impairment and kidney impairment
Problems that underproduce bases - CORRECT ANSWER ---pancreatitis and dehydration
Problems that over eliminate bases - CORRECT ANSWER ---diarrhea
alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWER ---Amount of bases present (HCO3) is greater than normal compared with the amount of strengths of acids (CO2)
2 signs of respiratory acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER ---- pH less than 7.35
- PaCO2 greater than 45mm Hg
2 signs of respiratory alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWER ---- pH greater than 7.45
- PaCO2 less than 35mm Hg
Any condition that causes hypoventilation can result in - CORRECT ANSWER ---respiratory acidosis
Any condition that causes hyperventilation can result in - CORRECT ANSWER ---respiratory alkalosis
Pulmonary disorders such as atelectasis, pneumonia, pneumothorax, pulmonary edema, or bronchial obstruction
can cause.. - CORRECT ANSWER ---respiratory acidosis
Central nervous system depression related to head injury and/or medications such as narcotics [Show Less]