MEDICAL -SURGERY NURSING (ATI)
A nurse just receives a patient on arrival at the med-surg unit after
discharge from the post-anesthesia care unit.
... [Show More] What should they
assess on the patient? - T: temperature
I: IV fluids
M: mental status
S: surgical incision site
T: tubes & drains
A: airway
B: breathing
S: skin
C: cardiovascular status
What are the risks associated with general anesthesia? - H:
hypotension
A: airway compromise
R: respiratory depression
D: delirium
What are examples of regional anesthesia? - -nerve block
-spinal
-epidural
What are risks associated with regional anesthesia? - -hypotension
-hematoma
-infection
-spinal headache
What is the most critical assessment to perform after surgery? -
respiratory
What should you look for PostOp related to fluids & blood loss? - -
diuresis
-edema
-hyper/hypovolemia
-hemoglobin/hematocrit
-vital signs
What is a measurement of how well a patient's pain is managed
PostOp? - how mobile and participatory they are
What is the most likely source of a pulmonary embolism? - a
thrombus that formed in the femoral vein
What is med-surg nursing mainly concerned with? - tertiary
prevention
What is primary prevention? - no disease or injury is present
What are examples of primary prevention? - -vaccines
-healthy diet
-regular exercise
What is secondary prevention? - early detection and treatment
before disease becomes symptomatic, no symptoms
What are examples of secondary prevention? - -mammograms
-colonoscopy
-pap smear
-digital rectal exams
Secondary prevention can sometimes be primary prevention. True
or false. - false, secondary prevention can NEVER be primary
prevention
What is tertiary prevention? - preventing complications of
established disease or injury, symptoms present
What are examples of tertiary prevention? - surgical tumor
resection
Describe the process of normal ventilation. - the diaphragm drops
and the chest expands causing negative pressure to draw into the
lungs
What is the underlying cause of wheezing heard in the lungs during
inhalation? - narrowed airways
What is the therapeutic effect of inhaled beta agonist medications? -
bronchodilation
What is the main lung dysfunction associated with emphysema? -
breakdown of elastin and loss of lung tissue recoil
What is the underlying cause of respiratory acidosis? -
hypoventilation
What causes the lung collapse associated with pneumonia? - air
entering the pleural space
What are the components of minute ventilation? - respiratory rate
and tidal volume [Show Less]