MCS 005: Final Exam 2022(Actual test study guide answered correctly)
Marxist Analysis - The base determines social relations of production
... [Show More] (superstructure)
ie: It's all about that base.
Contemporary Marxist - The relationship between the base and superstructure is dialectical.
Dialectical - A relationship in which both parties inform and reinforce each other instead of a one sided relationship.
Vertical Integration - The process whereby one owner acquires all aspects of production and distribution of a single type of media product.
Horizontal Integration - The process by which one company buys different kinds of media, which allows them to concentrate ownership across different types of media rather than up and down through one industry.
Multinationalism - The presence of a corporation in multiple countries
Effects of multinationalism - Limited control, not a lot of space for new ideas, everything is about profit, allows corporations to distribute their goods on a global scale.
Cultural Imperialism - Obliterates smaller companies in global markets who cannot possibly compete with the big five/six. (ideals of beauty around the world are becoming more and more americanized and uniform)
Synergy - The involvement of multiple subsidiary companies in the cross-development, production, and distribution of a media brand for the purpose of "exploiting it for all the profit possible." (CROSS PROMOTION)
Planned Obsolescence - A business strategy in which goods are built, from the outset, to become quickly unusable, uninteresting, and out of date.
Psychological Obsolescence - "Manipulation of time" in which our sense of what is relevant and interesting lasts a very short time (always looking for "next star")
Technological Obsolescence - Building breakage, failure, and technological irrelevancy into the design of media technologies to maintain and speed up the intervals at which consumers purchase (everlasting light bulb)
Oligopoly - Economic condition where few companies exert immense control of the market in a given area of the industry.
McLuhan coined what phrase? - "The medium is the message."
Technology of communication always makes a world a difference.
Media ecology - Media or communication technologies aren't merely something in our social environment so much as they ARE our social environment.
Materialism - The idea that matter, matters.
Paradigm Shift - A fundamental transformation in how people know and perceive the world (ex: Gutenberg's printing press)
Materialist Approach - Not studying the content, rather where the content is coming from and how the different sources we get our information affect us.
What is medium theory? - A research tradition that considers the technology/medium of communication to be equally important to, or even more important than the content of media.
3 main points of medium theory - 1. Mediums have unique characteristics that shape our experiences.
2. Those characteristics provide an environment.
3. Those environments have consequences for human consciousness.
Immateriality of digital technology - The belief that digital media is immaterial is an IDEOLOGY of digital media.
ex: going "paperless" will save the environment
Mobile Privitization - The sense of being mobile and out in the world while at the same time feeling always "at home"
Privatized Mobility - The feeling of being at home while being mobile. (TV's in cars, being on your phone at a party.)
What medium became really important for Raymond Williams in regards to mobile privatization? - TV served as a resolution to the conflict of increasing mobility and desire for the private realm by mediating the space between the two.
Discipline - Positive method of teaching a child self-control, confidence, and responsibility
Punishment - Physical pain as in spanking or hitting. (Focuses on the misbehavior and offers little to nothing to help rehabilitate in the future)
Panopticism - Social control based on the possibility of being watched
Panopticism's key principles - 1. Utilizes "the gaze"
2. The power, person, or social body that holds the power to look upon you and judge you.
3. Someone is always watching
4. Changed from a punishment based society to discipline.
Propaganda - The act of mass persuasion
What are the 2 pitfalls of documentaries according to American composer Aaron Copeland? - 1. preachiness
2. symbolism
What was one of the key wartime short cartoons that Disney used for propaganda? - Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs
What is Network Society? - Sense that there is a new form of social organization brought on by digital media.
Information Society - A society in which the technological paradigm is the dominant medium for social organization.
What does network society value? - Values connection, not information or knowledge
What is a networked individual? - The emerging starting point for socialibility and the need and desire for sharing and co-experiencing in an individual-centered culture.
Media ideologies - a set of beliefs about communicative technologies with which users and designers explain perceived media structure and media
Idioms of practice - How people have implicit and explicit intuitions about using different technologies that they have developed with their friends and family.
Remediation - How people's media ideologies and uses of one medium are always connected to people's media ideologies and uses of other older or newer media.
ISAs - Controlled by ruling ideology (religion, education, family, legal, political, communications, culture, etc.)
RSAs - ruling mainly through violence and force to maintain order (government, military, police)
How does the spectacle function to reshape our experiences in real life? - Glamorizes lifestyles and commodities
What are four characteristics of culture? - Rhetorical, Collective, Historical, Ideological
Are connotative messages stable and fixed or mutable and open? - They are mutable and open because connotation is more personal or cultural. [Show Less]