MCN 568 Respiratory Study Guide What are the 4 types of pulmonary air leaks? Pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE), and
... [Show More] pneumopericardium What condition is characterized by the clinical presentation of acute respiratory distress, and distant or absent breath sounds on one side, with tracheal deviation to the opposite side? Pneumothorax What type of pulmonary air leak is often asymptomatic but can cause subcutaneous emphysema in the supraclavicular notch, neck, or face? Pneumomediastinum Which pulmonary air leak is associated with the risk for cardiac tamponade? Pneumopericardium What are the symptoms of cardiac tamponade caused by pneumopericardium? Narrow pulse pressure, hypotension, bradycardia, pallor, cyanosis, distant/muffled heart sounds, pericardial friction rub Which condition is associated with the characteristic "crescent sign" or "sail sign" on radiograph? Pneumomediastinum Birth injury to which nerve can cause paralysis of the diaphragm? Phrenic nerve Phrenic nerve damage is most common on which side of the body? Right You are assessing the chest x-ray of an infant following a difficult delivery with shoulder dystocia. Half of the infant's diaphragm appears elevated, with atelectasis on the affected side, and the heart and mediastinum are shifted away from the affected side. What condition does this infant likely have? Phrenic nerve injury. Infant may also have paradoxical movement of the diaphragm on the affected side. True or false? Healthy term infants may have pauses in their breathing up to 30 seconds. False. Pauses should not be longer than 20 seconds.
What reflex is responsible for glottic closure leading to apnea, bradycardia, and hypotension following stimulation of the laryngeal mucosa? Laryngeal chemoreflex (LCR) The stimulation of pulmonary stretch receptors achieved by CPAP leads to shortening of the i-time and prolongation of the e-time. What reflex [Show Less]