MCB 10 Practice exam 1|29 Questions with Verified Answers
If a single sister chromatid is one unit, after S phase in human somatic cells there are
... [Show More] ________ sister chromatids present.
A) 0
B) 23
C) 46
D) 69
E) 92 - CORRECT ANSWER E) 92
Which of the following is a correct list of the molecules involved in the process of translation:
A) DNA, tRNA, ribosome
B) DNA, mRNA, ribosome
C) mRNA, tRNA, RNA polymerase
D) mRNA, tRNA, ribosome
E) DNA, mRNA, RNA polymerase - CORRECT ANSWER D) mRNA, tRNA, ribosome
During transcription of a particular gene, RNA polymerase will transcribe:
A) both DNA strands, but only one of the RNA molecules will be used
B) both strands, but moving 3' to 5' for one and 5' to 3' along the other
C) both the introns and the exons into the premature mRNA
D) only the exons of the gene while skipping over the introns E) only sequences between the start and stop codons - CORRECT ANSWER both the introns and the exons into the premature mRNA
During transcription:
A) RNA polymerase travels along the template DNA strand moving from the 5' end of the template DNA to the 3' end of the template DNA strand
B) the 3' end of the RNA molecule is produced first
C) RNA polymerase binds to a promoter sequence to initiate transcription
D) transcription is initiated at the start codon
E) tRNA molecules pair with codons in the mRNA - CORRECT ANSWER RNA polymerase binds to a promoter sequence to initiate transcription
Which of the following describes a mutation that has the potential to be inherited from one generation to the next?
A) a transcription error causing a base change in the mRNA within a sperm cell
B) a 2 base-pair DNA deletion that occurs from UV damage in a skin cell
C) a DNA base-pair change in a female egg cell
D) all of the above
E) A and C - CORRECT ANSWER a DNA base-pair change in a female egg cell
Which of the following statements is true?
A) human somatic cells are haploid, meaning that they have one copy of the human genome
B) human somatic cells are diploid, meaning that they have two copies of the human genome
C) human sperm and egg cells are diploid, meaning that they have two copies of the human genome
D) human sperm and egg cells are haploid, meaning that they have two copies of the human genome.
E) all cells in the human body are triploid - CORRECT ANSWER human somatic cells are diploid, meaning that they have two copies of the human genome
(During the mitotic cell cycle, DNA replication occurs during _____________, sister chromatids line up in the middle of the cell in _____________, and sister chromatids separate from each other in _____________.
A) S phase ; Anaphase ; Metaphase
B) S phase ; Metaphase ; Anaphase
C) Metaphase ; S phase ; Anaphase
D) A phase ; B phase ; C phase
E) G1 ; Metaphase ; G2 - CORRECT ANSWER S phase ; Metaphase ; Anaphase
8. What is the best prediction for what this mutation would result in:
A) a frameshift mutation in the RPS19 protein
B) an insertion mutation with no effect because it is in an exon
C) a point mutation that is silent
D) a missense mutation in the RPS19 protein E) a neutral mutation with no phenotype - CORRECT ANSWER a frameshift mutation in the RPS19 protein
9. This mutation is passed down in a family. Two carriers for this mutation mate. What is the probability that the child will be homozygous for the mutation?
A) 1/2
B) 3/4
C) 1/4
D) 2/3
E) 1 - CORRECT ANSWER 1/4
If the fetus (developing unborn baby) is indeed homozygous for the mutation, what is the best prediction for what phenotype would result from this genotype?
A) the fetus would likely not live
B) there would be no phenotype, the child would be normal
C) the child would have a higher risk of developing cancer
D) the child would develop cystic fibrosis
E) C and D - CORRECT ANSWER the fetus would likely not live
Which of the following cells have a total of 46 unreplicated chromosomes prior to S phase?
A) sperm cells
B) cardiac muscle cells in a developing fetus
C) skin cells
D) A & B
E) B & C - CORRECT ANSWER B & C
Polycystic kidney disease is a dominant human condition caused by various mutations in the PKD1 gene. One UC Davis student is heterozygous for a nonsense mutation in the PDK1 gene and another UC Davis student is homozygous for normal PKD1 alleles. These two students had a great time at picnic day, starting a long-term relationship. If these individuals mate and have a child, what is the probability that child would have Polycystic kidney disease?
A) 0
B) 1/2
C) 1/4
D) 3/4
E) 1 - CORRECT ANSWER 1/2
The complete genetic material of an organism is its
A) genome
B) chromosome
C) phenotype
D) genotype
E) proteome - CORRECT ANSWER genome
A person who has two identical alleles for a particular gene is _______ for that gene.
A) recessive
B) mutant
C) dominant
D) heterozygous
E) homozygous - CORRECT ANSWER homozygous
Which chemical is not part of DNA?
A) phosphate
B) deoxyribose
C) cytosine
D) methionine
E) carbon - CORRECT ANSWER methionine
Which of the following descriptions of genetic information flow best illustrates the central dogma of biology?
A) DNA to RNA to protein
B) RNA to DNA to protein
C) protein to DNA to protein
D) protein to RNA to DNA
E) DNA to protein to carbohydrate - CORRECT ANSWER DNA to RNA to protein
Which of the following are diploid?
A) skin cells
B) 64-cell human embryo
C) sperm
D) a & b
E) all of the above - CORRECT ANSWER a & b
18. Below is a diagram of a human premature mRNA (pre-mRNA) and corresponding mature mRNA. Numbers point to different features of the mature mRNA, where black boxes indicate protein coding regions. Choose the answer below that correctly lists what feature in the mature mRNA that each number is pointing too.
A)
1: 5' cap
2: promoter
3: intron
4: stop codon
5: 3' poly-A tail
B)
1: 5' cap
2: promoter
3: exon
4: stop codon
5: 3' poly-A tail
C)
1: 5' cap
2: start codon
3: intron
4: stop codon
5: 3' poly-A tail
D)
1: 5' cap
2: start codon
3: exon
4: stop codon
5: 3' poly-A tail - CORRECT ANSWER 1: 5' cap
2: start codon
3: exon
4: stop codon
5: 3' poly-A tail
19. At maximum, how many alleles of the HBB gene are there in a human somatic cell that has not undergone DNA replication?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 6 - CORRECT ANSWER 2
20. In the human population within the city of Davis, how many alleles of the HBB gene are there?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 6
E) many - CORRECT ANSWER many
21. Out of all eukaryotes, the human genome has the largest number of genes.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE - CORRECT ANSWER false
. A mutation that occurs in a DNA sequence that is not within a protein coding region of a gene (between the start and stop codons) can lead to a phenotype.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE - CORRECT ANSWER true
23. Compared to one another, homologous chromosomes have identical alleles immediately after DNA replication.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE - CORRECT ANSWER false
24. The tRNA anticodon is complementary and antiparallel to the mRNA codon
A) TRUE
B) FALSE - CORRECT ANSWER true
25. Out of all eukaryotes, the human genome is the largest in that it has the highest amount of DNA nucleotides.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE - CORRECT ANSWER false
26. mRNA is complementary and antiparallel to the coding DNA strand.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE - CORRECT ANSWER false
27. Translation begins at the start codon
A) TRUE
B) FALSE - CORRECT ANSWER true
, In the human population within the city of Davis, there are only two possible alleles of the CFTR gene and one of these alleles can result in Cystic Fibrosis.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE - CORRECT ANSWER false
29. The two strands of a DNA double helix are antiparallel and complementary to each other.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE - CORRECT ANSWER true [Show Less]