Ques 0 / 0 pts tion 1
Your Answer:
What is cellular metabolism?
controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur in living organisms to
maintain
... [Show More] life
Metabolism is a controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur
in living organisms in order to maintain life.
Ques 0 / 0 pts tion 2
Your Answer:
What is the primary function of enzymes, and how are they regulated?
4/29/23, 8:42 PM M2: Module 2 Review: Essential Microbiology with Lab-2021-Stepp
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catalyze chemical reactions
can be regulated by a cofactor, which is a small chemical component,
usually metal ions, that assist enzymes during the catalyst reaction
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Most notably, the enzyme
is not consumed during the reaction and can be used repeatedly
by the cell. Enzymes can also be regulated by a cofactor such that
in the absence of the proper cofactor, enzymes are inactive while
in its presence enzymes are active.
Ques 0 / 0 pts tion 3
Your Answer:
What is the difference between catabolism and anabolism?
catabolism = breaking down larger molecules into E
anabolism = biosynthesis of large molecules from smaller molecules, uses
E
Catabolism is the process of breaking down larger molecules into
useful energy sources whereas anabolism is the building up or
biosynthesis of macromolecules from smaller molecular units into
larger complexes, most often associated with cellular growth and
repair.
Ques 0 / 0 pts tion 4
4/29/23, 8:42 PM M2: Module 2 Review: Essential Microbiology with Lab-2021-Stepp
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Answer 1:
Answer 2:
ATP has the energy to donate , while ADP has the capacity to
accept energy.
Correct! Donate
Correct! Accept
Ques 0 / 0 pts tion 5
Your Answer:
Chemotrophs can be subdivided into what two additional subgroups?
organotrophs = remove e- from organic molecules
lithotropes = remove e- from inorganic molecules
Chemotrophs, which acquire energy from preformed chemicals
found in the environment, can be divided into either organotrophs
(removing electrons from organic molecules such as glucose) or
lithotrophs, which remove electrons from inorganic molecules.
Ques 0 / 0 pts tion 6
Your Answer:
Chemotrophs utilize which form of phosphorylation?
4/29/23, 8:42 PM M2: Module 2 Review: Essential Microbiology with Lab-2021-Stepp
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oxidative phosphorylation: E released by the chemical oxidation of
nutrients is used to reform ATP. Occurs in the mitochondria, highly
efficient
Chemotrophs use oxidative phosphorylation (may also accept
substrate level phosphorylation). Oxidative phosphorylation utilizes
the energy released by the chemical oxidation of nutrients to
reform ATP.
Ques 0 / 0 pts tion 7
Your Answer:
What are the three distinct stages in the catabolism of glucose?
Glycolysis
Fermentation/Respiration
Electron Transport Chain
Glycolysis is the first step of this process and yields 2 molecules of
ATP. Next, by either fermentation (or respiration) 2 additional
molecules of ATP can be produced. Last, the electron transport
chain (ETC) produces 34 ATP via an oxidative phosphorylation
event at the mitochondrial membrane.
Ques 0 / 0 pts tion 8
What are the reactants of glycolysis?
4/29/23, 8:42 PM M2: Module 2 Review: Essential Microbiology with Lab-2021-Stepp
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Your Answer:
Glucose + 2NAD+ + [2ADP + 2Pi]
Reactants are defined as any molecules present and involved at
the beginning of a specific chemical reaction (ie) glycolysis. In
terms of writing out a chemical reaction, the reactants are
everything located to the left of the arrow. The reactants of
glycolysis are glucose, the co-enzyme NAD+ and ATP.
Ques 0 / 0 pts tion 9
Your Answer:
What are the two main strategies for replenishing cellular concentrations
of NAD+, and when these strategies be utilized?
fermentation and respiration
Fermentation and Respiration are the two strategies used by the
cell to convert NADH (end product of glycolysis) back to NAD+.
Fermentation occurs in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic
conditions) while respiration occurs under aerobic (presence of
oxygen) conditions. Notably, respiration is more efficient that
fermentation.
Ques 0 / 0 pts tion 10
Your Answer:
How are the TCA and ETC related?
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TCA produces the electron carriers that fuel the generation of ATP via the
ETC
The end products of the Kreb’s (TCA) cycle are used to fuel the
electron transport chain. In other words, as the Kreb’s cycle (TCA)
produces an abundance of reduced electron carriers (NADH and
FADH2), it fuels the ETC. As the electrons are transferred from
NADH/FADH2 to terminal electron acceptors a proton motor force
is generated, ATP synthase is activated and up to 34 molecules of
ATP can be produced. [Show Less]