LCCW GIGU- Diabetes, Diabetes GIGU, Lewis's Medical Surgical
Nursing 11th Edition Harding Test Bank, Chapter 48- Diabetes Mellitus
Lewis-
... [Show More] Medical-Surgical Nursing, 10th Edition, diabetes nclex review
(Latest Update Solution A+ Grade)
IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus is _____ onset occurring at what ages? - ANS-juvenile;
8-15 years
(may also be seen in adult, now seeing equal occurrences)
destruction left behind from IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus is called _____ - ANSinsulitis
syndrome of IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by ______ - ANShyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion
IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by ______ - ANS-immunologically mediated
destruction of beta cells
(genetics)
IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus accounts for ____ of all diabetes - ANS-5-10%
IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with ______ & ____ if not treated - ANSacute ketoacidosis & coma
S&S of IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus - ANS-1. polyphasia
2. polyuria
3. polydipsia
4.ketoacidosis
5. tiredness
6. weight loss
Diagnoses for IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus - ANS-1. fasting glucose test
2. plasma glucose test 2 hrs after a challenge
3. serum glucose 150-200 beginning
4. 300-500 moderate
5. severe DM over 500
ketoacidosis is found in which type of diabetes? - ANS-IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Treatment for IDDM- Type 1 diabetes mellitus - ANS-1. insulin injection
2. constant plasma glucose monitoring after meals & at bedtime
Complications of diabetes - ANS-1. atherosclerotic coronary artery disease
2. diabetic retinopathy
3. diabetic nephropathy
4. diabetic neuropathy
5. foot ulcers
6. charcot's joint
What does AGE stand for - ANS-Advanced glycation end product
(glucose derivative + plasma protein)
NIDDM-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus _____ onset occurring at what ages? - ANS-adult; 40-
50 y.o.
NIDDM-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is seen in children at this point as ______ - ANSMODY
(mature onset diabetes in young)
NIDDM-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is associated with _____ & _____ lifestyle - ANSobese & sedentary
NIDDM-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is ______ with relative insulin deficiency - ANS-insulin
resistance
NIDDM-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus findings include hyper_____ & hyper_____ - ANShypertension; hypertriglyceridemia
S&S of NIDDM-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - ANS-1. polyphasia
2. polyurua
3. polydipsia
4. ketoacidosis rare
5. nonketotic hypersmolar coma
Diagnosis for NIDDM-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - ANS-1. Same as type 1
2. measure c-peptide
3. glucose test
4. fasting >126 mg/dl
5. OGTT >200 mg/dl
Treatment for NIDDM-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - ANS-early stage: diet & exercise
middle stage (impaired glucose tolerance): diet, exercise, and medication to increase
insulin action & function
late stage: insulin shots
Central Diabetes insipidus is characterized by _____ due to a _____ - ANS-excessive
urination; deficiency of ADH
Diabetes insipidus involves inflammation, tumor, or trauma to the _____ & _____ -
ANS-hypothalamus & pituitary
_______ Diabetes insipidus is a result of renal tubular unresponsiveness to ADH - ANSnephrogenic
Diabetes insipidus may occur at what age? - ANS-any age
S&S of Diabetes insipidus - ANS-Polyuria
Polydipsia
Nocturia
What test is used as Diagnosis for Diabetes insipidus - ANS-water deprivation test
water deprivation test involves taking what samples & doing what in the morning? -
ANS-blood, urine sample & weighing patient
What must you prevent during the water deprivation test - ANS-prevent patient from
drinking water
_____ is collected hourly during water deprivation test - ANS-voided uric
test stops when ______ & _____ appear, or when 5% or more of _____ has been lost -
ANS-orthostatic hypotension & postural tachycardia; initial body weight
specific ______ is measured with water deprivation test - ANS-gravity & osmolarity of
uric
Treatment for Diabetes insipidus - ANS-1. hormonal therapy (desmopressin acetate,
nasal spray)
2. non hormonal therapy: diuretics (thiazide) & ADH releasing drugs (chlorpropamide &
carbamazepine)
What is diabetes mellitus? - ANS-A chronic multisystem disease related to abnormal
insulin production, impaired insulin utilization, or both
What is the normal process of glucose and insulin metabolism? - ANS-Insulin is a
hormone produced by the B-cells in the Islets of Langerhans or the pancreas. Usually
insulin is released into the bloodstream and than at an increased rate upon food
ingestion.
What is the normal glucose level? - ANS-70-110 mg/dL
What does insulin do? - ANS-lowers blood glucose
What are the counter-regulatory hormones? - ANS-glucagon, epinephrine, growth
hormone, and cortisol
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