what are the 4 broad reasons on why physical activity is important?
-our design
-environmental mismatch
-physical activity is important for physical
... [Show More] health
-physical activity goes beyond physical health (mental)
describe selective pressure
environmental factor that affects the reproduction capabilities of a species (think of the giraffe example)
what were some of the selective pressures that favoured movement-friendly capabilities in humans?
-finding food/water
-finding/ building shelter
-escaping predation
-transportation
describe environmental mismatch
-the selective pressures that favoured a capacity for physical activity no longer exist
-we have designed our environment to minimize physical activity
what are the five pillar of public health?
-epidemiology and disease control
-environmental health
-health promotion and education
-health administration and policy
-biostatistics
describe epidemiology and disease control (public health pillar)
-the study of distributions and determinants of disease and disability in populations
-distributions: where are diseases/disabilities located?
-determinants: what causes specific diseases/disabilities?
describe environmental health (public health pillar)
the study of how our environment influences our health
describe promotion and education (public health pillar)
asks the question about how can we enhance the health of the population
describe health administration and policy (public health pillar)
delivery of health services through by-laws, rules and regulations that are designed to promote health
-ex: outdoor smoking bans
describe biostatistics (public health pillar)
analysis of health data (focuses on statistics toward biology)
describe communicable diseases
-infectious diseases
-diseases that are caused by pathogens such as viruses/bacteria
-Examples: tuberculosis, malaria, influenza and measles
describe noncommunicable diseases
-chronic diseases
-diseases that develop over a long period of time
-examples: cardiovascular diseases (heart attacks, stroke), cancers
what type of disease is physical activity beneficial for?
noncommunicable (chronic) diease
what type of disease kills people the most often today?
noncommunicable (chronic) diease
what is the definition of physical activity?
any bodily movement that results in energy expenditure
define exercise
a specific type of physical activity that is planned, repetitive and done for a specific purpose (such as improving health/fitness)
describe the relationship of physical activity and exercise
exercise is always considered physical activity, but physical activity is not always considered exercise
define physical fitness
-no agreed upon definition
-a set of measureable physiological parameters
-2 types: health-related fitness and skill-related fitness
describe some components of health-related fitness
-attributes that are thought to be related to improved health
-aerobic capacity
-muscular strength
-muscular endurance
-flexibility
-body composition
describe some components of skill-related fitness
-attributes that are the most important for successful movement and sport participation
-balance
-agility
-coordination
-power
-speed
define health
a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (definition establish in 1948)
-similar to wellness
define psychological well-being
-optimal psychological functioning [Show Less]