Main Conclusion
Identify the Role: Sarah will probably receive a job offer, because she has ten years of experience. That means that she’ll soon pay me
... [Show More] back for the money I lent her.
Background
Identify the Role: One of this neighborhood’s residents has been complaining about his sister Sarah having been unemployed for so long. She’s applying for programming jobs at many companies, but she only received her first interview invite last week. She’ll probably receive a job offer because she has ten years of experience. In a job market like the current one, anything over eight years of experience gives a candidate a great advantage.
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Evidence
Identify the Role: Sarah will probably receive a job offer, because she has ten years of experience. That means that she’ll soon pay me back for the money I lent her.
Sub Conclusion
Identify the Role: Sarah will probably receive a job offer, because she has ten years of experience. That means that she’ll soon pay me back for the money I lent her
Comparison
Identify the Conclusion Type: It's clear that this year's candidate is stronger than last year's candidate.
Comparison
Identify the Conclusion Type: It's clear that this year's candidate understands the public's wishes better than she did a year ago.
Causation
Identify the Conclusion Type: Last night, I took cough medicine and today I feel much better. So that cough medicine is really effective. (Cause: cough medicine; effect: feeling better)
Causation
Identify the Conclusion Type: Jonathan gets good grades without trying very hard, and his teachers have said multiple times how much they like him. The only possible way that Jonathan maintains his good grades is because of how much his teachers like him. (Cause: teachers liking Jonathan; effect: good grades)
Assessment
Identify the Conclusion Type: The flower is beautiful.
Assessment
Identify the Conclusion Type: This policy is very helpful.
Assessment
Identify the Conclusion Type: The outcome will be important.
Recommendation
Identify the Conclusion Type: In treating this disease, then, physicians should favor Treatment X.
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Recommendation
Identify the Conclusion Type: It's likely that extending the warranty is the only way to gain new customers.
Predictions
Identify the Conclusion Type: Obviously, the tennis match will be rescheduled.
Predictions
Identify the Conclusion Type: Our homeless population may not be reduced by next year.
Simple Belief
Identify the Conclusion Type: It's clear that the student cheated on the test.
Simple Belief
Identify the Conclusion Type: The thief is probably still in the house somewhere.
Examples
Identify the Evidence Type: [Paola is the best athlete in the state.] After all, Paola has won medals in 8 different Olympic sports.
Examples
Identify the Evidence Type: Paola beat last year's decathlon state champion on Saturday, so [she is the best athlete in the state].
Hearsay
Identify the Evidence Type: [Paola is the best athlete in the state.] We know this because the most highly-acclaimed sports magazine has named her as such.
Hearsay
Identify the Evidence Type: Because the population voted Paola the Best Athlete in the state in a landslide, [it would be absurd to claim that anyone else is the best athlete in the state].
Precedent
Identify the Evidence Type: [Paola is the best athlete in the state.] She must be, since she won the state championships last year, two years ago, three years ago, and four years ago.
Analogies
Identify the Evidence Type: [Paola is the best athlete in the state], because she won the most athletic awards. Look at Jude, who's currently the Best Chef in the State because he won the most cooking awards.
Generalization
Identify the Evidence Type: [Paola is the best athlete in the state], because she won every local tournament in every spring sport.
Counterexample
Identify the Evidence Type: Robert: Everyone's favorite food is pizza. Brianna: That's not true. My favorite food is paella.
Possibilities
Identify the Evidence Type: Robert: X will lead to Y. Brianna: Why can't X couldn't lead to Z instead?
Conditional
Identify the Evidence Type: Penguins win -> Flyers make big mistakes; Flyers make big mistake -> coach tired; Friday -> coach is not tired
Causation
Identify the Evidence Type: The flood last week was due to climate change.
Causation
Identify the Evidence Type: This kind of culture fosters resentment.
Causation
Identify the Evidence Type: The incorrect prescription was responsible for the patient's death.
Alternate Causation
Identify the Flaw Type: Last summer, ice cream sales decreased while homicide rates more than doubled in this region. We should look into selling more ice cream in order to keep people safer.
Sampling
Identify the Flaw Type: Everyone I know wants to quit their job, so this country is headed for an employment crisis.
Ad hominem
Identify the Flaw Type: My doctor tells me it's bad for your lungs to smoke cigarettes, but I know he's lying. I saw him furtively smoking a cigarette the other day. [Show Less]