IV Therapy Final Exam; Updated & Answered 2022.
What equipment and supplies are needed for initiation of IV therapy?
Using what gauge, what length
... [Show More] catheter and in the what vein will reduce the mechanical and chemical irritation to the vein wall?
What gauges do cannulas range?
What length do over-the needle catheters range?
What length do butterfly style cannulas range?
What are the advantages of using extension tubing with over-the needle cannulas?
What gauge is used for children and elderly patients?
What gauge is used for medical patients and postoperative patients?
What gauge is used for surgical patients and rapid blood administration? –
What gauge is used for trauma patients and those requiring large volumes of fluid rapidly?
What is the purpose of the protective caps at each end of the administration set and when should they be removed?
What parts of the IV therapy equipment must remain sterile? –
A bag of intravenous solution should not hang longer than how many hours?
How often should intravenous tubing be changed? –
How often should IV sites be changed?
How often should a gauze dressing be changed?
How often should a transparent dressing be changed?
What type of administration set (tubing) should be used for nonrigid containers (bags)?
What type of administration set (tubing) should be used for solutions supplied in glass containers?
What gtt/mL is macrodrip tubing?
What gtt/mL is microdrip tubing?
What kind of tubing set do you use to infuse a solution rapidly?
What kind of tubing set do you use to infuse a solution slowly?
A physician's order for IV therapy must contain what components?
If medication is ordered, identify what additional components to the order must be present.
True or False: Prior to initiating IV therapy, the nurse must check the expiration date on the solution, and inspect the solution and container for particles,
discoloration, cracks, leaks, or punctures.
What is time tape? What is the advantage of using time tape? Should you write directly on the solution container with a marker? Why or why not?
What is the difference between IV push (IVP) or bolus versus intermittent IV therapy? Do LPNs administer IVP medications?
Describe how to regulate an IV infusing by gravity. How high should the solution be positioned above the infusion site?
What is the difference between an electronic pump and a controller?
True or false: an infusion pump will stop administering an IV solution is an IV infiltrates.
True or false: The best time to change the tubing is when the IV solution bag is changed.
True or false: IV tubing sets will remain sterile for 72 hours even when the patient is receiving blood and fat emulsions.
True or false: IV bags should be replaced when there is 200 cc left in the bag.
True or false: The drop factor for microdrip tubing is 10gtt/mL.
True or false: An IV running too slowly has the potential to clot.
True or false: A sudden increase in the amount of solution infused may result in a patient's death.
True or false: IV tubing is tagged with the date and time to indicate when tubing replacement is necessary.
True or false: Failure to prime IV tubing with solution and remove air bubbles my result is a patient's death.
What is the location of the basilic vein?
What are the advantages of the basilic vein?
What are the disadvantages of the basilic vein?
What is the location of the cephalic vein?
What are the advantages of the cephalic vein?
What are the disadvantages of the cephalic vein?
What is the location of the median vein?
What are the advantages of the median vein?
What are the disadvantages of the median vein?
What is the location of the metacarpal and dorsal veins?
What are the advantages of the metacarpal and dorsal veins?
What are the disadvantages of the metacarpal and dorsal veins?
Describe a vein that is suitable for venipuncture.
Do you need a physician's order to start an IV in the lower extremity of an adult? Why or why not?
List six factors which must be considered when selecting a vein.
List at least five venipuncture site contraindications.
How do you palpate a vein?
When starting a peripheral IV, which veins are used first and why?
When should the use of hand veins be avoided? Wrist veins?
Describe OSHA guidelines regarding the use of tourniquets among clients. -
How far above the intended venipuncture site should the tourniquet be applied?
A tourniquet should be left no longer than how many minutes?
Besides the tourniquet, identify four ways to further dilate veins. - Position arm in a dependent position, rub or stroke arm, cover entire arm with warm, moist towels for 5
When a tourniquet is properly applied, should you be able to palpate a distal pulse?
What are the most common sites used on neonates?
What are the most common sites used on all pediatrics?
Are gloves required during venipuncture?
According to the CDC, when should hands be washed, or an alcohol-based hand rub be used during the venipuncture procedure?
If the venipuncture site is excessively hairy what should you do?
Name at least two common antimicrobials used to cleanse the site before venipuncture.
If both alcohol and providone- iodine are used, in what order should they be applied and why?
In adult patients, how large of surface area from the intended venipuncture site should be cleansed?
Do you use a circular or a back and forth motion to cleanse the site? Why
Is it acceptable to blot any excess solution?
If alcohol is used, how long should it be applied with friction?
Describe how to immobilize the vein. How long should you maintain immobilization during venipuncture?
Which direction should the cannula bevel face during insertion?
What angle is the cannula inserted at?
What is backflow or backflash? What do you do after it occurs?
What are you trying to avoid piercing during venipuncture?
Once the stylet has been removed, may it be reinserted to advance the catheter/check for placement? -
At what point in the procedure is the tourniquet removed?
After performing venipuncture, when can you let go of the catheter?
After the fluids are connected and started, what do you look for?
and limiting future vascular access. -
What does it indicate if you apply lite pressure above (or proximal) to the IV insertion site and drops cease dripping in the drip chamber?
Describe how to dress a catheter site using a transparent dressing.
What information should be written on the dressing?
Should tape be placed over the IV tubing and catheter hub connection?
Should tape be placed over the IV insertion site?
List the steps in disconnecting an IV site.
Where do you dispose of the stylet and any blood contaminated materials? - stylet - sharp's container; blood contaminated materials
What is the organization that sets the standards of care for IV therapy?
List three "do's" of documentation. - Document only what is observed firsthand,
Use "no IV related complications",
Use "observed" rather than "noted",
Give details regarding complications
List three "don'ts" of documentation.
List the common causes for malpractice litigation for nurses.
How often should a site check be performed?
How often should a volume check be performed?
How often should a IV site be changed?
How often should a bag of IV solution be changed?
How often should IV tubing be changed?
What information must you include in your documentation when you insert an IV?
What information must you include in your documentation when you remove an IV?
What information must you include in your documentation when you give IV site care?
What information must you include in your documentation if an infiltration occurs?
When administering IV solutions, what type of patient should have an IV pump?
The label on an IV solution should contain the following:
If medication is added to a solution, the label must also contain the following: -
After medication is added to a solution, it must be infused or discarded within how many hours?
When flushing a saline lock, the nurse encounters resistance. What has happened and should pressure be applied in order to restore patency?
Which veins must be avoided when infusing a vesicant solution?
No more than how much mEq of potassium should be infuse in an hour? -
What happens when potassium is administered IVP?
Identify the concentration and solution for NS.
Identify the concentration and solution for D5W.
Identify the concentration and solution for D5 1/2NS.
Identify the concentration and solution for D5NS.
Identify the concentration and solution for D5LR.
Identify the concentration and solution for LR.
Identify the concentration and solution for D5 1/4NS.
Fill in the blank. Water moves from areas of __________ concentration to areas of ____________ concentration.
Fill in the blank. ___________ fluids have the same concentration of solutes to water as body fluids.
These fluids ___________ the extracellular fluid volume without entering or pulling water from the cells.
Fill in the blank. ___________ fluids have more solutes (are more concentrated) than body fluids. These fluids ___________ the plasma volume by pulling water from body cells. They are used in the treatment of __________ clients and to replace electrolytes.
Fill in the blank. __________ fluids have fewer solutes (are less concentrated) than body fluids. These fluids __________ the more highly concentrated cells and are used in the client with cellular ___________.
Which solution is isotonic in the container but hypotonic when infused? - D5/W -
Which solution is the only one that is administered with blood? - NS - normal saline -
Patients who are at risk for an infection related to IV therapy include:
Why is it not acceptable to insert an IV catheter through an infection, rash, or break in the skin?
How many catheters should be used for each cannulation attempt?
What may be a precursor for sepsis?
What are some other signs of catheter-related infection other than phelibitis?
Name the organism that is responsible for approximately one-half of all catheter related
Fill in the blank. The use of ___________ precautions and ___________ technique is required at all times in
Describe the procedure for site care of an IV with a transparent dressing. -
List ways the nurse may reduce the risk of infection related to IV therapy. -
Define the following local complications and list the signs and symptoms for: phlebitis
Define the following local complications and list the signs and symptoms for: infiltration
Define the following local complications and list the signs and symptoms for: infection
Define the following local complications and list the signs and symptoms for: extravasation
Define the following local complications and list the signs and symptoms for: pain
Identify preventative measures and the treatment for these local complications: phlebitis
Identify preventative measures and the treatment for these local complications: infiltration
Identify preventative measures and the treatment for these local complications: infection
Identify preventative measures and the treatment for these local complications: extravasation
Identify preventative measures and the treatment for these local complications: pain
Define the following systemic complications and list the signs and symptoms: Circulatory overload (fluid volume excess; FVE )
Define the following systemic complications and list the signs and symptoms: infection
Define the following systemic complications and list the signs and symptoms: pulmonary embolism
Define the following systemic complications and list the signs and symptoms: air embolism
Define the following systemic complications and list the signs and symptoms: speed shock
Define the following systemic complications and list the signs and symptoms: incompatability
crystallization of the solution. This precipitation at the least will clog the IV line and at the worst present as emboli.
Identify preventative measures and the treatment for these systemic complications: circulatory overload - *Preventive measures:
Watch for the total amount of solutions infusing
Do not infuse solutions too rapidly
Caution with fluids for children and elderly
Identify preventative measures and the treatment for these systemic complications: infection
Identify preventative measures and the treatment for these systemic complications: pulmonary embolism - *Preventative measures:
Follow facility's policy on IV site changes
Ensure IV patency
Identify preventative measures and the treatment for these systemic complications: air embolism
Identify preventative measures and the treatment for these systemic complications: speed shock
Identify preventative measures and the treatment for these systemic complications: incompatability
What has happened and what should you do if a patient complains of tingling, pins-and-needles sensation, or numbness during catheter insertion?
How often, should a patient receiving IV therapy be assessed?
Describe one method for systematic assessment of IV therapy and list its components (i.e, what are you doing and what are you looking for?) [Show Less]