IS 3413 Telecom Huddleston Exam 2023| Questions with solved solutions| Graded A+
Transport Layer (Layer 4) - CORRECT ANSWER-Links application and
... [Show More] network layers
Responsible for segmentation & reassembly
Session management
Network Layer (Layer 3) - CORRECT ANSWER-Responsible for addressing & routing
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) - CORRECT ANSWER-Most common transport layer protocol
Used for reliable transmission of data
Connection-oriented
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) - CORRECT ANSWER-Used in time- sensitive situations, for control messages, when reliability less critical or handled by application layer
Connectionless
Linking to the Application Layer - CORRECT ANSWER-Ports used to identify application (2-byte numbers, 0 to 1)
Client ports are usually high-numbered ephemeral ports (>1024)
HTTP: TCP port 80 SMTP: TCP port 25 POP3: TCP port 110
Segmenting - CORRECT ANSWER-Breaking up large files into smaller segments (and putting back together)
Session Management - CORRECT ANSWER-Using a session: connection- oriented messaging (TCP)
three-way handshake: SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK
Sending messages w/o a session: connectionless messaging (UDP)
Internet Protocol (IP) - CORRECT ANSWER-IPv4: 32-bit addresses (232 or ~4.29 billion possible)
IPv6:128-bit addresses (2128 or ~3.4 × 1038 possible)
Routing - CORRECT ANSWER-Identifying what path to have a packet take through a network from sender to receive
Routing Tables - CORRECT ANSWER-Used to make routing decisions
Shows path to use to reach given destination
Kept by computers making routing decisions
Centralized Routing - CORRECT ANSWER-(host-based networks, uncommon)
Routing decisions made by one computer
Decentralized Routing - CORRECT ANSWER-(used by the Internet) Decisions made by each node independently, with data exchange
Static Routing - CORRECT ANSWER-Fixed routing tables, manually configured
Dynamic Routing - CORRECT ANSWER-(sometimes called adaptive routing) Routers exchange data using protocols to update tables
Distance Vector - CORRECT ANSWER-based on the number of "hops" between two devices
Link State - CORRECT ANSWER-based on number of hops, circuit speed & traffic congestion
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) - CORRECT ANSWER-Dynamic distance vector protocol
Useful in smaller, less complex networks
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) - CORRECT ANSWER-Dynamic link state protocol
Most widely used on large enterprise networks
EIGRP - CORRECT ANSWER-Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
IS-IS - CORRECT ANSWER-Intermediate System to Intermediate System
ICMP - CORRECT ANSWER-Internet Control Message Protocol
Simplest possible interior routing protocol, Limited ability to update routing tables (ping command)
BGP - CORRECT ANSWER-Border Gateway Protocol
Exterior routing.
Used to exchange information between autonomous systems
Unicast - CORRECT ANSWER-one computer to another computer (default)
Broadcast - CORRECT ANSWER-one computer to all computers in subnet
Multicast - CORRECT ANSWER-one computer to a group of computers
hosts dynamically join and leave multicast groups using Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)
ARP - CORRECT ANSWER-Address Resolution Protocol
DNS - CORRECT ANSWER-Domain Name Service
Data link layer (MAC) Address Resolution - CORRECT ANSWER-Identify data link layer address of the next device in the circuit
Gateways - CORRECT ANSWER-Packet moves from Physical layer to Data Link Layer through the Network Layer (no higher)
IPv4 Network Layer Addresses - CORRECT ANSWER-Portion of IP address for network, rest for hosts
TCP/IP - CORRECT ANSWER-Device's own IP address Subnet mask
IP address of default gateway (most commonly the router) IP address of at least one DNS server
DHCP - CORRECT ANSWER-Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Addresses are "leased" for a length of time
Network Architecture Components - CORRECT ANSWER-1. LAN
2. Building Backbone network
3. Campus Backbone
4. Data Center
5. WAN
6. Internet Access
7. E-Commerce
Traditional Network Design - CORRECT ANSWER-Only worthwhile for static and slowly evolving networks
Approach probably not adequate today due to: Rapid changes in technology, Escalating network traffic demands, Decrease in hardware costs, increase in staff costs
Needs Analysis - CORRECT ANSWER-Understand current and future network needs (users and applications)
Technology design - CORRECT ANSWER-Examine available technologies to determine which meet/exceed needs
Designing for peak traffic is ideal
The turnpike effect occurs when traffic increases faster than forecasts
Deliverable: One or more physical network designs
Cost Assessment - CORRECT ANSWER-Evaluate financial costs of technology
Baselines - CORRECT ANSWER-Create metrics of current operations to compare design requirements against
Deliverable: Logical network design
Request For Proposal (RFP) - CORRECT ANSWER-detailed specification of equipment, software, and services desired from vendors
LAN Components - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Clients - request data from servers
2. Servers - deliver data or provide services to clients
3. Network Interface Cards - contain unique MAC address
4. Network Cables
5. Network Operating System - server software
6. Hubs/Switches/Access Points - act as repeaters
Logical Topology - CORRECT ANSWER-How the network works conceptually
Physical Topology - CORRECT ANSWER-How the network is physically installed
Logical Bus Topology - CORRECT ANSWER-all devices receive every frame as if they were connected to the same circuit
Hub-Based Ethernet - CORRECT ANSWER-Shared/traditional Ethernet
Logical Star Topology - CORRECT ANSWER-only destination gets frame
Switch-Based Ethernet - CORRECT ANSWER-Switch reads destination address of frame and only sends to interface (physical port) connected to destination circuit
Uses forwarding tables (also called MAC or CAM tables)
Switch Operation - CORRECT ANSWER-Switches learn which MAC address is associated with interface (physical port) by reading source address on a frame
Looks up destination address in the forwarding table
Store and Forward Switching - CORRECT ANSWER-frames re-transmitted after entire frame is received and error check is complete
Cut-through switching - CORRECT ANSWER-frames re-transmitted as soon as destination address read
Fragment-free switching - CORRECT ANSWER-frames re-transmitted once the header (first 64 bytes) is received and has no errors
Access points (APs) - CORRECT ANSWER-use radio waves to connect wireless clients to the wired network [AP ≠ Router] AKA WIFI
WEP - CORRECT ANSWER-Wired Equivalent Privacy
Insecure and easy to bypass
WPA, WPA2 (802.11i) - CORRECT ANSWER-WPA2 most effective
security measure
Load Balancing Switches - CORRECT ANSWER-Shares traffic according to round-robin or other algorithm
Server Virtualization - CORRECT ANSWER-Mitigates underuse of servers
Storage Area Network (SAN) - CORRECT ANSWER-Database servers
Network Attached Storage (NAS) - simple, fast file server
Which packet data type is NOT displayed in Wireshark's Packet List Pane:
- CORRECT ANSWER-Signal encoding method
Which of the following Wireshark commands can be used to display the type, size and name of embedded objects in an HTTP response? - CORRECT ANSWER-"Export Objects" from the File Menu
Which of the following is NOT a Transport Layer function/responsibility? - CORRECT ANSWER-Assigning MAC addresses to specific hardware
Using connection-oriented messaging, TCP manages sessions, opening connections with - CORRECT ANSWER-A three-way handshake
With routing, computers or routers take into account factors such as circuit speed and traffic congestion in addition to number of hops for routing decisions - CORRECT ANSWER-Link State
is an exterior routing protocol used to exchange data between autonomous systems. - CORRECT ANSWER-Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
Traffic sent to every computer in a subnet would likely use messaging. - CORRECT ANSWER-Broadcast
At the gateway and each intermediate router between a sending computer and the destination computer, the is removed and a new one is created. - CORRECT ANSWER-Ethernet Frame
Which of these is NOT a standard component of an enterprise network architecture? - CORRECT ANSWER-Cable News Network
A broadcast message requesting the data link layer address for 192.168.0.7 would use which protocol? - CORRECT ANSWER-Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
Which of these is a proper CIDR address for an IP with subnet mask 255.255.255.128? - CORRECT ANSWER-129.75.65.121 / 25
Which of the following is NOT required routing/addressing information which must be provided to a client computer when it is first installed on a TCP/IP network? - CORRECT ANSWER-Nearest layer 2 switch IP address
The building block design process includes these steps: - CORRECT ANSWER-Needs analysis, technology design and cost assessment
Which of the following is NOT true of a LAN switch? - CORRECT ANSWER-Provides connected computers a shared multi-point circuit
Developed during needs analysis, are metrics of current network operations. - CORRECT ANSWER-Baselines
CORRECT ANSWER-Network Operating System (NOS)
A may be used to ensure incoming requests are routed more evenly among available servers in a data center. - CORRECT ANSWER- Load Balancing Switch
Wireshark Packet List Pane - CORRECT ANSWER-Each row represents a single packet
Columns 1,2: Index #, Timestamp
Columns 3,4: Source IP address, Destination IP address
Column 5: Protocol packet was sent with
Column 6: Length (in bytes) of packet
Column 7: Info/explanation of packet contents
Wireshark Packet Details Pane - CORRECT ANSWER-Top row: packet summary info
2nd row: Data Link (Internet Layer 2) info
3rd row: Network (Internet Layer 3) info
4th row: Transport (Internet Layer 4) info
5th row: Application (Internet Layer 5) info
Wireshark Packet Bytes Pane - CORRECT ANSWER-Bottom section - raw, byte-level information
Left section: Hexadecimal dump of data bytes in packet
Right section: ASCII interpretation ("." for non-printable char) [Show Less]