The thyroid gland produces _____ hormones. What are they? - ✔✔ 3;
-T3
-T4
-Calcitonin
Calcitonin - ✔✔ decreases serum calcium levels by
... [Show More] taking calcium out of the blood and pushing it back into the bone
You need _____________ to make hormones - ✔✔ iodine (this is dietary iodine-comes from salt)
Thyroid hormones give us - ✔✔ energy
Hyperthyroid is AKA - ✔✔ Graves' disease (most common cause)
Hyperthyroidism: Signs/Symptoms - ✔✔ -nervous
-irritable
-decreased attention span
-increases appetite
-decreased weight
-sweaty/hot
-exophthalmos (can be irreversible)
-GI fast
-increased BP and pulse
-arrhythmia/palpitations
-thyroid size will increase (any overworked organ
will increase in size)
Hyperthyroidism Diagnosed using - ✔✔ -serum thyroxine (T4) levels
-TSH levels
-thyroid scan
-ultrasound
-MRI
-CT
Hyperthyroidism Diagnosis: The serum thyroxine (T4) level will be - ✔✔ increased
Hyperthyroidism Diagnosis: TSH will be - ✔✔ decreased
Hyperthyroidism Diagnosis: Client must discontinue any iodine containing medication ________________ prior to the thyroid scan and must wait _________________ to restart medications - ✔✔ 1 week; 6 weeks
amiodarone (Cordarone) - ✔✔ an antiarrhythmic drug that contains high levels of iodine and may affect thyroid function
Hyperthyroidism: Treatment Methods - ✔✔ 1. Anti-thyroids
2. Iodine compounds
3. Beta blockers - supportive therapy
4. Radioactive iodine therapy
5. Surgery
Anti-thyroid medications - ✔✔ -methimazole (Tapazole)
-propylthiouracil (PTU)
What to anti-thyroid medications do? - ✔✔ stop the thyroid from making thyroid hormones
When are anti-thyroid medications used? - ✔✔ pre-op to stun the thyroid
What does euthyroid mean? - ✔✔ normal thyroid
Iodine compounds - ✔✔ potassium iodine (SSKI and Lugol's solution)
What are iodine compounds are used for? - ✔✔ decreasing the size and vascularity of the gland
ALL endocrine glands are - ✔✔ VERY VASCULAR!
Iodine compounds should be given with _________ or ___________ and use a __________. Why? - ✔✔ milk; juice; straw
because they stain teeth
Beta Blockers (supportive therapy) - ✔✔ propanolol (Inderal)
What do beta blockers do? - ✔✔ block epi- and norepi-
-decrease myocardial contractility
-could decrease CO
-decrease HR and BP
-decrease anxiety
Do NOT give beta blockers to - ✔✔ asthmatics or diabetics
Radioactive iodine therapy: How many doses? - ✔✔ 1
Radioactive iodine therapy: What form and route is it given in? - ✔✔ PO in liquid or tablet form
Radioactive iodine therapy: BEFORE giving, rule out - ✔✔ pregnancy
Radioactive iodine therapy: Purpose - ✔✔ destroy thyroid cells -->hypothyroidism
Radioactive iodine therapy: Radioactive precautions - ✔✔ -stay away from babies for 1 week
-don't kiss anyone for 1 week
Radioactive iodine therapy: Potential rebound effect - ✔✔ thyroid storm (thyrotoxicosis and thyrotoxic crisis)
-it is hyperthyroidism multiplied by 100
Thyroidectomy can be _________ or ________ - ✔✔ partial; complete
Thyroidectomy: Post-Op Priority - ✔✔ hemorrhage
Thyroidectomy: Sign of bleeding - ✔✔ feelings of pressure in neck area
Thyroidectomy: Where should you check for bleeding? - ✔✔ at the incision site and behind the neck (pooling)
Thyroidectomy: How should you assess for recurrent laryngeal nerve damage? - ✔✔ listen for hoarseness
Thyroidectomy: Laryngeal nerve damage can lead to - ✔✔ vocal cord paralysis
Thyroidectomy: When there is paralysis of both cords, ____________ obstruction will occur requiring immediate _______________. - ✔✔ airway; tracheotomy
Thyroidectomy: What should be kept at the bedside? - ✔✔ trach set
Thyroidectomy: A trach set should be kept at the bedside in case of - ✔✔ -swelling
-recurrent laryngeal nerve damage (vocal cord
paralysis)
Thyroidectomy: What imbalance can occur? - ✔✔ hypocalcemia
Thyroidectomy: What assessment should be made pertaining to hypocalcemia? - ✔✔ -assess for parathyroid removal
-assess for signs of hypocalcemia
Thyroidectomy: Hypocalcemia patients are - ✔✔ NOT sedated
Thyroidectomy: Post-Op Positioning - ✔✔ -teach client how to support neck
-elevate the head of bed to decrease edema
-put personal items close to the client
Thyroidectomy: Pre- & Post-Op Nutrition - ✔✔ client needs MORE calories
Hypothroidism can be confused with - ✔✔ depression & hyperthyriodism with mania
Hypothyroidism: Signs/Symptoms - ✔✔ -no energy
-fatigue
-no expression
-speech slow and slurred
-weight increased
-GI slow
-cold
-amenorrhea
Hypothyroidism: Diagnosis - ✔✔ -thyroxine (T4) levels [Show Less]