Where do most burns occur? - ✔✔ At home
How often should smoke detector batteries be changed? - ✔✔ every 6-12 months
Flammable items
... [Show More] should be kept at least how far from heat sources? - ✔✔ 3 feet
The water heat device should be set no higher than - ✔✔ 120 degrees fahrenheit
Why does plasma seep out into the tissue after a burn? - ✔✔ Increased capillary permeability
When does the majority of plasma seepage occur? - ✔✔ first 24 hours (worry about shock!)
Why does the pulse increase after a burn? - ✔✔ compensation; every time there is a FVD, the pulse will increase
Why does the cardiac output decrease after a burn? - ✔✔ there is less volume to pump out
Why does the urine output decrease after a burn? - ✔✔ kidneys are either trying to hold on to fluid or they aren't being perfused adequately
Why is epinephrine secreted after a burn? - ✔✔ because epi and norepi make you peripherally vasoconstrict, blood is shunted to the vital organs
With a normal BP of 120/80, anytime the systolic BP drops below ______, the client will not have adequate organ perfusion; this can be very DANGEROUS - ✔✔ 90
Why are ADH and aldosterone secreted after a burn? - ✔✔ to retain sodium and water with aldosterone and retain water with ADH; this will increase blood volume
Rule of 9's: Head and Neck - ✔✔ 9%
Rule of 9's: Trunk (Front and Back) - ✔✔ 36% total - front 18% and back 18%
Rule of 9's: Arm - ✔✔ 9% each
Rule of 9's: Leg - ✔✔ 18% each
Rule of 9's: Genitalia - ✔✔ 1%
Partial thickness burns are also known as - ✔✔ first and second degree burns
Full thickness burns are also known as - ✔✔ third and fourth degree burns
If a burn is located on the face, neck, or chest - ✔✔ there could be interference with breathing
Burns: Risk Factors - ✔✔ -heart, lung, or kidney disease
-pre-existing diabetes or PVD can affect healing of
foot or leg burns
-other injuries that occurred when client was
burned
-higher mortality in very old and very young
Why is there a higher mortality among the very old and very young with burns? - ✔✔ -skin is very thin and they have less SQ fat
-the burn can go deeper and cause more complications
-body surface area is less in the very young
Burns: Treatment - ✔✔ Stop burning process
-wrap client in blanket to stop (absent flames do not guarantee this)
-cool water can stop
-NO more than 10 minutes (can cause extensive heat loss)
-remove jewelry because swelling will occur
-remove non-adherent clothing and cover burns with clean, dry cloth
What does a blanket do when stopping the burning process? - ✔✔ help hold in body heat and keep out germs
What is the number one cause of death with burns? - ✔✔ inhalation injury
inhalation injuries are usually caused by inhaling - ✔✔ carbon monoxide OR hydrogen cyanide
Normally, oxygen binds with - ✔✔ hemoglobin
Carbon monoxide ____________ __________ ______________ than oxygen; therefore - ✔✔ travels much faster; it gets to the hemoglobin first and binds
Is oxygen able to bind after carbon monoxide has? - ✔✔ no
The client becomes ____________ from carbon monoxide poisoning - ✔✔ hypoxic
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: Treatment - ✔✔ 100% oxygen
Why will 100% oxygen help treat carbon monoxide poisoning? - ✔✔ placing more O2 in the race to increase probability that O2 will bind before CO
Hydrogen Cyanide: Treament - ✔✔ 100% oxygen
-an antidote may be given at the hospital
It would be important to determine if the burn occurred in ________________________________________ - ✔✔ an open or closed space
If someone is burned in a closed space, they will have inhaled ___________ carbon monoxide and/or hydrogen cyanide so, - ✔✔ more; the risk for complications is increased
When you see a client with burns to the neck/face/chest, you should focus on - ✔✔ their airway
What might the primary healthcare provider do prophylactically? - ✔✔ intubation (the airway can swell and close off)
Indications of inhalation injury - ✔✔ -singed nose hair
-singed facial hair [Show Less]