Agriculture and Fisheries (production) - ✔✔ - Agriculture is a term used to describe the activity of cultivating the land to grow food and includes
... [Show More] farming plants and animals
- Fisheries refers to the production and cultivation of plants and animals in an aquatic environment
DAIRY FARMING - ✔✔ - $13 billion farming, manufacturing and export industry
- 6000 farmers producing 9.7 billion litres of milk each year
- 100,000 Australians employed
- Exported to Asian markets
EXPORTS AND MEATS - ✔✔ - Australia is the world leader inn exportation of beef, cattle, sheep and goats
- In 2014 Australia exported 3.68 million livestock
CROP INDUSTRIES - ✔✔ - New producers are constantly developing in niche markets such as organic farming and native bush foods
- Main crops include, wheat, oats, barley, corn, legumes, rice
FISHING AND AQUACULTURE - ✔✔ - Australia's consumption has led to increase production of fish and other species
- More than 600 varieties of saltwater species are grown in Australia
- Wild-caught fish account for majority of seafood in Australia, coming from rivers, seas
STAGES OF MEAT PRODUCTION - ✔✔ - Producing or supplying fodder/feed and water
- Breeding
- Treating illness and disease
- Transporting the animals to saleyards, abattoirs and other food processing locations
STAGES OF PLANT FOOD PRODUCTION - ✔✔ - Preparing soil for planting
- Selecting seeds, sowing and planting
- Fertilising and irrigating
- Harvesting
- Storing and transporting food to various manufacturing and processing locations
Food Manufacturing/ Processing (Processing) - ✔✔ - Majority of raw ingredients undergo some form of value adding
- VALUE ADDING: The process or enchantment of a product to increase its shelf life and or selling price
- May undergo significant changes such as pasteurisation and heat treatment of milk, snap freezing or berries, or the grinding and milling of wheat to make flour that is baked into bread
- May be as simple as packaging
- Is the largest sector and employs many people
- Competes with cheap overseas labourers
- Cost of labour in Australia has led to highly computerised machines for a constant flow
Food Retail (Distribution) - ✔✔ - Includes all aspects of commercial food preparation, production and service
- Available in non-commercial forms such as hospitals, nursing homes, prisons and armed services
Food service and Catering (Consumption) - ✔✔ - Involves the selling of food to consumers
- Vary in size and types of products
- Large retailers include coles, woollies, iga, aldi
- Stock large and diverse range of products for larger demographic
- Smaller outlets include milk bars, convenience stores, petrol stations, fruit and veggie stores, butchers and bakeries
Emerging technologies in food production - ✔✔ Online Shopping
Biotechnology in genetic engineering
Organic Farming
Packaging
Home delivery
Production of low-fat products
Nutritionally fortified foods
Pre-prepared food items
Sensors
Automation
Household Operations - ✔✔ - Very simple, small quantities
- E.G making cakes to sell at markets
- Limited equipment, domestic items such as hand beaters, mixing bowls and measuring spoons
Small Business - ✔✔ - Prepared and sold by business on small scale
- E.G bakeries, butcher and cafes
- Less than 20 staff
- Family run or partnership
- Domestic and semi-automated equipment such as bread slicers or sausage mincing machinery
Large Company - ✔✔ - A large company or business
- Operates in multiple stores or plants nationally
- Automated equipment and machinery
- Less labour
- E.G nudie large scale distributed to coles and woollies
Multinational - ✔✔ - Operate in several countries
- Sophisticated technologies
- More employees
- High production
- E.G Nestle, Coca-Cola, Cadbury
- Less labour
- Operation 24/7
Research and Development in the Australian Food Industry - ✔✔ - Research and Development (R&D) is the process used to create new food products, improve existing products and explore the market in which food organisations operate
- Government organisations such as commonwealth scientific and industrial research organisation (CSIRO) assist industries with R&D [Show Less]