1
Which native civilization invented a numerical system to keep records?
The Olmec
The Aztec
The Maya
The Inca
The First
... [Show More] Settlers
2
When, "in fourteen hundred and ninety-two, Columbus sailed the ocean blue," what
hypothesis was he attempting to prove?
The Atlantic Ocean is smaller than most cartographers at the time believed.
Lands previously unknown to most of Europe existed to the west.
That newer, faster boats from Portugal could reach Asia before the crew's supplies ran
out.
The earth is round and therefore Asia could be reached by sailing west.
Maritime Exploration
3
Which of the following historians is collecting archaeological evidence?
Lorrainne reviews ships' passenger lists and makes a map of where European
immigrants to Haiti came from.
Lamar analyzes the foundations of buildings that made up part of an early Spanish
town in northern Haiti.
Lacey watches a documentary about the history of Haiti and its role in the sugar
industry.
Lucien speaks with residents of Haiti about how it has changed over the last hundredyears.
Think About It: What is History?
4
Which of the following statements best reflects the official attitude toward religious
freedom in the northern colonies?
"Puritanism is the official religion of the colony, but individuals may abstain from its
rituals and practice other religions privately."
"Other religions may be present in the colony, but Puritanism must be given pride of
place in government."
"Every member of the colony must accept Puritanism and live by its rules, whether or
not he is a member of the elect."
"Any religion is welcome in this colony, but most settlers are Puritan, and thus the
democratic government reflects their beliefs."
Settling the Northern Colonies
5
"What were the causes of the Civil War?"
Consider the above research question and choose the secondary source that is best
suited to answer it.
First-hand accounts from freed slaves following the Civil War
A 2018 biography of General Robert E. Lee, who led the South's army
A Hollywood film about the life of Abraham Lincoln
Maps of the United States that were produced prior to 1860
Analyzing Primary Sources
6"Interacting with natives on somewhat equal terms was demonstrated by sitting down
with them."
The above statement is most representative of which group of European explorers?
English
French
Dutch
Spanish
Think About It: How Did Europeans Justify Colonization of the New World?
7
Many Native Americans were eager to trade with Europeans for advanced weaponry.
What was an economic effect of this trade?
Native Americans began harvesting the raw materials used to make muskets and
gunpowder.
Native Americans began to hunt more beavers so they could trade the pelts for
muskets.
Native Americans began selling Europeans traditional native weaponry like bows and
arrows in exchange.
Native Americans stopped trading with other tribes because now they could use
muskets to steal from one another.
Native American Interactions with Europeans
8
What is one way that Nathaniel Bacon's 1675-76 rebellion contributed to the
increasing presence of slavery in the decades that followed?
Bacon's Rebellion represented a challenge to the Protestant government of Virginia by
non-Christian, black settlers, so their rights were taken away.
Bacon's Rebellion demanded that white settlers from Europe not have to work, so the
government legalized black slavery.
Bacon's Rebellion pitted the working class against the elites, which made a labor force
with no rights or power more attractive.
Bacon's Rebellion demanded a black presence in government, which made the whites
in power take away the legal rights of blacks.
Settling the Southern Colonies
9
What reason did the Quakers, who opposed slavery, give in support of their view?
"We are the loyal subjects of Charles II. He opposes slavery, and thus do we."
"Other colonies are beginning to oppose slavery. We should as well so that we're not
left behind."
"Christians are not supposed to treat others in ways they themselves would not like to
be treated."
"Many of us have had visions of slavery being abolished. It is thus the will of God."
Settling the Middle Colonies
10
Which of the following statements is true?
Historians often see past events through the lenses of their own ideas and values.
Historians must take all primary and secondary sources at their word.
Historians generally agree on the best ways to interpret past events.
The only way to learn about history is to research the works of previous historians.
The Historian's Practice
11
Which English colony was founded in 1634 as a second source of tobacco
production with a charter from King Charles I?
Maryland
Jamestown
Massachusetts Bay
Pennsylvania
The English Colonial Experiment: Virginia and Massachusetts
12
Which of the following premises is an essential part of Mercantilism?
Individual people pursuing their goals are more important than nations.
There is only so much wealth in the world, so a nation must gain control of as much as
possible.
African slaves are necessary because manual labor is beneath Europeans.
Colonization is a first step toward building new, stable, independent nations in America.
The Atlantic World
13
Which of the following beliefs was advanced by the Puritans?
The pope is the lawful head of the whole church, not Henry VIII or any other national
leader.
The Americas are a promised land specially reserved by God for Puritans.
By reading scripture, individuals can determine whether or not they have been chosen
by God to be saved.
Henry VIII's break with the Catholic Church should not be felt by ordinary people going
about their religion.
English Contact
14
Which of the following was a source of tension between English colonists and Native
Americans?
Native Americans killed colonists indiscriminately, but the reverse was not true.
The growing Native American population placed pressure on colonial settlements.
Colonists and various native groups sought to exploit each other to further their own
ends.
Native Americans and colonists competed for control of the tobacco market.
English and Native American Conflict
15
Which of the following statements best describes the situation in Central America
prior to the arrival of Spanish conquistadores?
Many native peoples resented the Aztec rulers and were ready to rebel.
The Aztec were a nomadic people, thinly spread through what is now Mexico.
The Aztec and Inca had been engaged in a centuries-long war for what is now Mexico
City.
Native cultures like the Aztec and Tlaxcalan were content to coexist peacefully.Spanish Contact
16
Which of the following statements reflects the process of colonization?
It began with the Silk Road that connected Europe with Asia.
It accelerated because of the natural advances of the Atlantic region.
It transforms an item into a product with a monetary value to buy and sell.
It was driven by a desire for raw materials to enrich and expand European empires.
The Columbian Exchange
17
Fabiola gives a presentation on the relationship between antibiotics and changes in
quality of life in 20th century America.
Which of the following is most likely a lens with which she is analyzing the past?
Science
Gender
Class
Law
The Lenses of History
18
How did France's activity in the Americas differ from that of Spain?
The French were not concerned with spreading Christianity to native peoples.
The French were motivated more by a desire to map the world than to establish
colonies.
The French fostered alliances with native peoples for commercial advantages,
rather than military ones. The French suffered from a high population density and saw colonization as a
means to spread out
French and Dutch Contact
19
Which of the following factors contributed to the racialization of slavery in the New
World?
Africans were well educated and could help increase efficiency on plantations.
African workers refused to work for pay in America, so they were enslaved.
Skin color was an easy way to differentiate slaves from freepersons.
A high mortality rate among African parents left a lot of orphans, who were easily
enslaved.
African Society and Slavery
1
Which of the following happened as a result of the French and Indian War?
England gained French lands east of the Mississippi River and Spain got everything to
the west.
France lost all its holdings in North America and the Caribbean, while England retained
all of its territory and gained some.
Native tribes learned they could manipulate the rivalries between France and England
for their own benefit.
The bond between colonists and the English back home was strengthened after fighting
a common enemy.
The French and Indian War
2
On what ground did the American colonists oppose the Stamp Act?
All Englishmen had a constitutional right to representation in matters of taxation.
One nation (Britain) does not have the right to tax citizens of another (America).
Parliament had no right to overrule decisions by the legislative bodies in the colonies.
All people, regardless of their nation, have a right to representational government.
The Stamp Act
3
Which of the following motives was common among Patriots?
Many wished to overthrow King George III and elect a new king.
They were determined to fight until Parliament would listen to their demands.
They wanted to restore order to the colonies.
Many viewed themselves as carrying on the legacy of the Glorious Revolution.
Choosing Sides in the American Revolution
4
Which statement represents support for the theory of actual representation?
"Colonists do not have equal standing before Parliament and are therefore subject to all
of its laws."
"Every Englishman is taxed, and many do not send representatives to Parliament."
"According to our principles, only colonial assemblies may impose internal taxes.
Parliament only has the authority to regulate commerce."
"Most British citizens do not meet the property requirements necessary to vote in
elections."
Think About It: Is Taxation Un-American?
5
What was one difficulty associated with the Proclamation of 1763?
Unable to print their own money, colonists had a harder time paying taxes.
Native tribes that wanted to sell their land no longer could.
Many colonists believed it deprived them of their right to trial by jury.
Many land speculators continued to illegally buy native lands in secret.
The Aftermath of the French and Indian War
6
Which of the following quotations—from documents associated with the American,
French and Haitian revolutions—exemplifies social contract theory?
“...considering that ignorance, neglect or contempt of the rights of man are the sole
causes of public misfortunes and governmental corruption...”
“Restored to our primitive dignity, we have asserted our rights; we swear never to
yield them to any power on earth.”
“ ...That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it
is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it...”
“The demands of the citizens may always tend toward maintaining the constitution
and the general welfare.”
The American Revolution in a Global Context
7
Based on Olaudah Equiano's experiences as a slave, which of the following
statements is true?
African adults were targeted and could do little to prevent capture by slave traders.
Capture and transport were dangerous and traumatic experiences for Africans.
The fear of being captured and sold into slavery was not really a feature of daily life in
West Africa.
Only Europeans participated in taking Africans captive and selling them into slavery
American Slavery from an African Perspective
8
Nathanael Greene was an important figure in the Revolutionary War.Select the statement that correctly identifies him.
"I realized that if I divided my troops, I could defeat the British army."
“To sustain the Revolution through the winter months, I launched surprise attacks at
Trenton and Princeton.”
“I was in command of the military government in Charleston after the Americans' largest
loss of the war.”
“I commanded the military government in Charleston after our troops forced its
surrender.”
The American War for Independence, 1775 - 1783
9
Followers of the Enlightenment in England and its colonies believed that power must
be __________ to best protect individual liberty.
destroyed
balanced
consolidated
absolute
The Enlightenment and the Colonies
10Which of the following acts of the First Continental Congress foreshadowed the
creation of an independent colonial government?
The Congress declared independence from Britain and recommended that a
constitution be drafted.
The Congress imposed its own taxes on British imports and denied representation to
the crown.
The Congress recommended that each colony build militias to defend against the
British.
The Congress petitioned George III as though it were a foreign government seeking
aide.
Path to Revolution
11
What was one way in which the Spanish posed a threat to English colonial
domination in North America?
They offered freedom to slaves who rebelled and reached Spanish territory.
They frightened English authorities with threats of rebellion and conspiracies.
They attacked colonists over the spread of rice and tobacco cultivation.
They competed with the British for alliances with the Iroquois.
The Challenges to the English Empire
12
Which element was a key tenet of the Great Awakening?
The idea that revolution was the only way to change society
The idea that individuals play a role in their own salvation
The idea that people are not as sinful as previously thought
The idea that religion needs a strong, central authority
Growth of the Colonies
13
What did Parliament intend to accomplish with the Tea Act of 1773?
By reducing taxes, colonists would be appeased and perhaps end their boycott on tea
and other British imports.
By reducing taxes, imperial merchants could undercut competition from smugglers and
still increase their profits.
By increasing penalties for smugglers, colonists would be pressured to buy British tea
from imperial merchants.
By increasing penalties for smugglers, colonists would think twice the next time they
wanted to protest a law.
Boston Tea Party
14
Read the quotation about a vision for American society after the American Revolution.
“An equality of property, with a necessity of alienation, constantly operating to destroy
combinations of powerful families, is the very soul of a republic—while this continues, the
people will inevitably possess both power and freedom; when this is lost, power departs,
liberty expires, and a commonwealth will inevitably assume some other form."
According to this speaker, what is at the root of a republican society?
Racial equality
Religious freedom
Widespread ownership of land
Natural liberty
Think About It: What Did the American Revolution Mean?
15
Which of the following was part of the Townshend Acts?
Colonists could send representatives to Parliament, but they could not vote on matters
that didn't affect the colonies.
The British army would only be funded with taxes raised in the colonies, which gave
colonists an incentive to pay.
Parliament enacted a trade embargo that prevented British merchants from selling
textiles in the colonies.
Three additional vice-admiralty courts were established to more efficiently prosecute
smugglers without juries.
The Townshend Acts and Protest
16
Which of the following describes slavery in the Northern colonies in the 18th
century?
Slavery was not practiced at all in this region.
The slave trade played a key role in this region's maritime economy.
This region contained the majority of African slaves in British North America.
Slave owners in this region were the societal elite who maintained power and influence.
Think About It: What Was the Importance of Slavery to the Colonies?
17
Which of the following was a positive effect of the Navigation Acts for English
colonists?
Goods could be bought from or sold to markets in other countries.
Goods could be sold for fixed prices guaranteed by the government.
Colonists temporarily enjoyed a greater voice in government.
Goods shipped by sea enjoyed the protection of the English Navy.
England Strengthens its Imperial Colonies
1
Which of the following quotations represents most Americans' attitudes toward
deference by the 1820s?
"All free men should be allowed to vote, regardless of race."
"Men of virtue like Thomas Jefferson should lead while others follow."
"The franchise should be expanded to include most white men."
"Voting rights should be strict to prevent 'mobocracy.'"
CONCEPT
The Promise and Limits of Democracy
2
Which of the following statements about the southern economy before the Civil War
is true?
The slave population continued to grow as new slaves were imported from abroad.
The southern climate was ideal for the cultivation of cotton.
Slavery began to diminish after the invention of the cotton gin.
Cotton was important in the South, but not to the nation as a whole.
CONCEPT
The Southern Economy
3
What is one way that the newly drafted Constitution reflected the principles of
republicanism?
It allowed for individual voters to determine who should be president.
All federal representatives would be elected by the citizens of each state by popular
vote.
The government agreed to regulate and impose penalties on the international slave
trade.
Electors, rather than individual voters, cast votes for president and vice president.
CONCEPT
Drafting the Constitution
4
Which of the following was a major economic shift in the North in the early 19th
century?
The economies of the North and the South became less distinct, as interchangeable
parts increased cash crop production in the North.
Rising wages for laborers allow them to gain a more sure footing in society and the
economy.
Railroads were welcomed as a sign of technological progress and faster transport
times.
Changes in manufacturing created more highly-paid jobs that required great skill to
perform.
CONCEPTThe Northern Economy
5
Which of the following statements about the 1828 Tariff is true?
It was a higher-than-normal tax on domestically manufactured goods, which was
generally viewed favorably by the southern states.
It was a higher-than-normal federal tax on imports, which was generally viewed
favorably by the northern states.
It was a lower-than-normal tax on domestically manufactured goods, which was
generally viewed favorably by the northern states.
It was a lower-than-normal federal tax on imports, which was generally viewed
favorably by the southern states.
CONCEPT
The Election of 1828 and the Rise of Andrew Jackson
6
Which of the following was an effect of the Indian Removal Act?
Southern slave owners were horrified by the legislation.
The Cherokee Nation was finally able to assimilate to white culture.
The cultures of the Southeastern tribes were greatly disrupted.
The Supreme Court upheld the Act in Worcester v. Georgia.
CONCEPT
Think About It: What Were the Consequences of Indian Removal?
7
"As we support others' causes, we are also beginning to understand our position in
society in a new way."
Which cultural shift from the early 19th century does this quotation represent?"
Women's activism
The Temperance movement
The Second Great Awakening
The antislavery movement
CONCEPT
Think About It: How Was American Culture Changing?
8
Which of the following complicated Jefferson's ability to create an "empire of liberty"
in the west?
Private citizens were not entitled to any property in the Western territories.
The United States didn't have enough people yet to settle the newly acquired lands.
Much of the land was claimed by Native Americans, who were forced to give it up.
Native Americans were to be given their own lands in the west, under the jurisdiction of
the federal government.
CONCEPT
Looking West
9
Under Pennsylvania's 1776 constitution, any man who was 21 or older, paid taxes and
had lived in one place for a year could vote.
At the time, how did Pennsylvania's voter requirements compare with those of other
states?
They were fairly representative of the laws in other states.
Voter requirements differed wildly from state to state, so it's hard to compare.
They were the most relaxed of the thirteen original states.
They were among the most restrictive requirements in the new country.CONCEPT
Creating a Republic
10
Which of the following statements might have been said by a Federalist?
"The United States is too large and diverse for a strong central government."
"The Constitution is necessary to prevent ungovernable mobs from taking over."
"Individual liberties cannot be assured without a bill of rights."
“The government will be run by the wealthy, who have little interest in serving all
citizens.”
CONCEPT
Visions of Government
11
Why did some textile companies prefer to hire young women rather than whole
family units?
Young women had formed unions that could benefit both the employers and the
employees.
By hiring women, such companies hoped to correct a labor imbalance that was based
on gender.
Young women were more likely to have innovative ideas about how to increase
production.
Young women had few employment options and could be paid a very low wage.
CONCEPT
Market Revolution and Economic Changes
12
Which of the following statements would most likely have been spoken by a
Democrat during the Jacksonian era?
“I see President Andrew Jackson as exercising tyrannical power.”
"We celebrate industrial advances and a spirit of improvement and innovation."
"We are alarmed by the tyrannical power displayed in the destruction of the national
bank."
“Andrew Jackson is an ideal leader because he represents ordinary Americans.”
CONCEPT
The Bank War and the Rise of the Second Party System
13
Which of the following practices led in part to the creation of Jay's Treaty between
the United States and Great Britain in 1794?
The United States wanted to support Britain in its war against France.
Britain had captured hundreds of American ships trading with the French.
Britain had stopped fighting but didn't acknowledge American independence.
Britain had been paying African pirates to target American ships.
CONCEPT
Looking East
14
Which of the following statements about the divided political climate during the
administrations of George Washington and John Adams is true?
The administrations of Washington and Adams represented the Anti-Federalist party
and its economic policies.
Voters were angered that much of the conflict between the two parties happened in
private.
John Adams signed the Alien and Sedition Acts to reverse the positions Washington
had held.
Partisan newspapers incited criticism of, and dissatisfaction with, the administrations.CONCEPT
Partisan Politics
15
Which of the following statements is true?
Jefferson's embargo on foreign trading crippled the Atlantic economy to the benefit of
America.
The Treaty of Ghent included a promise that Britain would end for good the practice of
impressment.
The United States was briefly disbanded and reabsorbed into Great Britain.
Washington D.C. was burned to the ground by British troops during the War of 1812.
CONCEPT
The War of 1812
16
For what purpose was the Bill of Rights added to the Constitution?
To satisfy Alexander Hamilton's concern that too much power was being concentrated
in the hands of the people
To satisfy a commitment made to Anti-Federalists during ratification to clarify the
unalienable rights that all Americans possess
To separate the three branches of government from each other, as promised to the
Federalists during ratification
To satisfy Thomas Jefferson's demand that a framework by which new rights could be
added to the Constitution be established
CONCEPT
Federalists in Power
17
Why was the sectional crisis important?
It showed that a president could win the electoral vote but not the popular vote.
It showed that, despite the existence of a one-party system, there was still significant
political division.
It showed that slavery had to be either allowed everywhere or nowhere.
It showed that most Southerners did not actually support the existence of slavery. [Show Less]