NSG121.01.01.02 Types of Nursing Assessments
Three types of nursing assessments are common: emergency,
comprehensive, and focused. Emergency and
... [Show More] focused
assessments center on the immediate and highest priority problem A
—Airway (with cervical spine protection if an injury is suspected)
B—Breathing—rate and depth, use of accessory muscles
C—Circulation—pulse rate and rhythm, skin color
D—Disability—level of consciousness, pupils, movement
E—Exposure
Comprehensive assessments are broad and complete.
The comprehensive assessment includes a complete health history and
physical assessment. It is a physical similar to that required for admission to
school.
A functional assessment focuses on the functional patterns that all
humans share: health perception and health management, activity and
exercise, nutrition and metabolism, elimination, sleep and rest, cognition and
perception, self-perception and self-concept, roles and relationships, coping
and stress tolerance, sexuality and reproduction, and values and beliefs
(Gordon, 1993). Often, nurses use the functional patterns to collect
subjective data and a head-to-toe approach for the physical assessment.
NSG121.01.01.03 Levels of Health Promotion and Prevention
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NSG122.01.02.01 Communication process
NSG121.04.01.02 General Survey
The general survey begins with the first moment of the encounter with the
patient and continues with each interaction that follows. It is the first
component of the assessment, when you make mental notes of overall
behavior, physical appearance, and mobility. It helps to form a global
impression of the patient. Physical appearance and mental status provide
valuable clues to overall health. Assessment requires you to use your senses
and observational skills to look, listen, and note any unexpected findings,
sounds, or odors.
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NSG122.06.02.01 Pulmonary function studies
Pulmonary function studies encompass a group of tests used to assess
respiratory function to assist in evaluating respiratory disorders.
Diffusion capacity estimates the patient's ability to absorb alveolar
gases and determine if a gas exchange problem exists.
Maximal respiratory pressures help evaluate neuromuscular causes of
respiratory dysfunction.
Exercise testing helps evaluate dyspnea during exertion.
NSG122.14.02.01 lifespan nutritional needs
Food preferences and preparation methods often are culturally influenced.
Certain food groups serve as staples of the diet based on culture and remain
so even when members of that culture are living in a different country.
Patients in a hospital or long-term care setting often do not have much
choice of foods. This means that people with cultural food preferences may
not be able to select appealing foods and thus may be at risk for inadequate
nutrition. When assessing the possible causes of a patient's decreased
appetite, try to determine whether the problem may be related to culture. It
may be possible for family or friends to bring in foods that satisfy the
patient's nutritional needs while still meeting dietary restrictions. Dietary
teaching must be individualized according to cultural values about the social
significance and sharing of food.
NSG122.14.02.02 Cultural Assessment
The National Center for Cultural Competence urges health care professionals [Show Less]