Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span 9th Edition Edelman Test Bank
TEST BANK FOR HEALTH PROMOTION
THROUGHOUT THE LIFE SPAN 9TH EDITION BY
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EDELMAN
Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span
Testbank/StudyGuide
Chapter 01: Health Defined
Edelman: Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which model of health is most likely used by a person who does not believe in preventive
health care?
a. Clinical model
b. Role performance model
c. Adaptive model
d. Eudaimonistic model
ANS: A
The clinical model of health views the absence of signs and symptoms of disease as indicative of
health. People who use this model wait until they are very sick to seek care.
2. A person with chronic back pain is cared for by her primary care provider as well as receives
acupuncture. Which model of health does this person likely favor?
a. Clinical model
b. Role performance model
c. Adaptive model
d. Eudaimonistic model
ANS: D
The eudaimonistic model embodies the interaction and interrelationships among physical, social,
psychological, and spiritual aspects of life and the environment in goal attainment and creating
meaning in life. Practitioners who practice the clinical model may not be enough for someone
who believes in the eudaimonistic model. Those who believe in the eudaimonistic model often
look for alternative providers of care.
3. A state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a persons potential
and is experienced within a developmental context is known as:
a. growth and development.
b. health.
c. functioning.
d. high-level wellness.
ANS: B
Health is defined as a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a
persons potential and is experienced within a developmental context.
4. Which of the following best describes a client who has an illness?
a. Someone who has well-controlled diabetes
b. Someone with hypercholesterolemia
c. Someone with a headache
d. Someone with coronary artery disease without angina
ANS: C
Someone with a headache represents a person with an illness. An illness is made up of the
subjective experience of the individual and the physical manifestation of disease. It can be
described as a response characterized by a mismatch between a persons needs and the resources
available to meet those needs. A person can have a disease without feeling ill. The other choices
represent disease.
5. Which US report is considered a landmark document in creating a global approach to health?
a. The 1990 Health Objectives for the Nation: A Midcourse Review
b. Healthy People 2020
c. Healthy People 2000
d. The U.S. Surgeon General Report
ANS: C
Healthy People 2000 and its Midcourse Review and 1995 Revisions were landmark documents
in which a consortium of people representing national organizations worked with US Public
Health Service officials to create a more global approach to health.
6. Which of the following represents a method of primary prevention?
a. Informational session about healthy lifestyles
b. Blood pressure screening
c. Interventional cardiac catheterization
d. Diagnostic cardiac catheterization
ANS: A
Primary prevention precedes disease or dysfunction. It includes health promotion and specific
protection and encourages increased awareness; thus, education about healthy lifestyles fits this
definition. Blood pressure screening does not prevent disease, but instead identifies it.
7. Which of the following represents a method of secondary prevention?
a. Selfbreast examination education
b. Yearly mammograms
c. Chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer
d. Complete mastectomy for breast cancer
ANS: B
Screening is secondary prevention because the principal goal of screenings is to identify
individuals in an early, detectable stage of the disease process. A mammogram is a screening
tool for breast cancer and thus is considered a method of secondary prevention.
8. Which of the following represents a method of tertiary prevention?
a. Drunk driving campaign
b. Road blocks for drunk driving
c. Emergency surgery for head trauma after a motor vehicle accident
d. Physical and occupational therapy after a motor vehicle accident with head trauma
ANS: D
Physical therapy and occupational therapy are considered tertiary prevention. Tertiary prevention
occurs when a defect or disability is permanent and irreversible. It involves minimizing the effect
of disease and disability. The objective of tertiary prevention is to maximize remaining
capacities.
9. In reviewing a persons medical claims, a nurse realizes that the individual with moderate
persistent asthma has had several emergency department visits and is not on inhaled steroids as
recommended by the NHLBI asthma management guidelines. The nurse discusses this with the
persons primary care provider. In this scenario, the nurse is acting as a(n):
a. advocate.
b. care manager.
c. consultant.
d. educator.
ANS: B
Care managers act to prevent duplication of service and reduce cost. Care managers base
recommendation on reliable data sources such as evidence-based practices and protocols.
10. During a home visit, a nurse assists an individual to complete an application for disability
services. The nurse is acting as a(n):
a. advocate.
b. care manager.
c. consultant.
d. educator.
ANS: A
The advocacy role of the nurse helps individuals obtain what they are entitled to receive from the
health care system, tries to make the system more responsive to individuals community needs,
and assists individuals in developing skills to advocate for themselves.
11. During a home visit, a nurse discusses the dangers of smoking with an individual. In this
scenario the nurse is acting as a(n):
a. advocate.
b. care manager.
c. consultant.
d. educator.
ANS: D
Health education is a primary prevention technique available to avoid major causes of disease.
Teaching can range from a chance remark to a planned lesson.
12. A nurse is asked to provide an expert opinion about the development of an education
program for newly diagnosed diabetics. In this scenario, the nurse is acting as a(n):
a. advocate.
b. care manager.
c. consultant.
d. educator.
ANS: C
Nurses with a specialized area of expertise provide education about health promotion and disease
prevention to individuals and groups as consultants.
13. A nurse is planning to deliver an educational program to individuals with diabetes. Which of
the following should be the initial action taken by the nurse to ensure the success of the
program?
a. Assess the motivation level of the individuals
b. Assess the knowledge level of the individuals
c. Establish teacher-learner goals with the individuals
d. Establish multiple teaching sessions with the individuals
ANS: B
Selection of the methods most likely to succeed involves the establishment of teacher-learner
goals. Thus, the first step by the nurse should be establishment of goals.
14. The conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions
about the care of individuals is known as:
a. health-related quality of life.
b. evidence-based practice.
c. a Healthy People 2010 goal.
d. the ecological model of health.
ANS: B
Evidence-based practice is defined as the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current
best evidence in making decisions about the care of individuals.
15. Which research methodology should be used to address the question, What is the difference
in the infection rates between individuals who receive twice-a-day dressing changes versus oncea-day dressing changes?
a. Evidence-based practice research
b. Qualitative research
c. Quantitative research
d. Clinical judgment research
ANS: C
Quantitative research studies describe situations, correlate different variables related to care, or
test causal relationships among variables related to care. Evidence-based practice research and
clinical judgment research are not research methodologies; they are used to answer clinical
questions.
16. The question, What is the experience of teenagers who lose a sibling to cancer? can best be
answered by using which research methodology?
a. Evidence-based practice research
b. Qualitative research
c. Quantitative research
d. Clinical judgment research
ANS: B
Qualitative research studies describe phenomena or define the historical nature, cultural
relevance, or philosophical basis of aspects of nursing care. Evidence-based practice research
and clinical judgment research are not research methodologies; they are used to answer clinical
questions.
17. A nurse who uses findings from a randomized, controlled trial on the care of Foley catheters
to change practice at an institution is practicing:
a. evidence-based medicine.
b. qualitative research.
c. quantitative research.
d. clinical judgment.
ANS: A
The practice of evidence-based medicine means integrating individual clinical expertise with the
best available external clinical evidence from systematic research.
18. Which of the following is most influenced by the social and economic environment of a
community?
a. Social health policies
b. Quality of care
c. Evidence-based practice
d. Practice guidelines
ANS: A
Social policies concerning health are influenced by the social and economic environment of a
population. Analysis of population trends and projections is necessary to help health
professionals determine changing needs.
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. Which of the following investment themes has been identified by the National Institute of
Nursing Research? (select all that apply)
a. Interprofessional collaboration
b. Improving quality of life
c. End-of-life care
d. Increasing physical activity among Americans
ANS: B, C
The National Institute of Nursing Research has identified five themes that promote health and
prevent disease, improve quality of life through symptom management, and support palliative
and end-of-life care, innovation, and nurse scientists.
2. Which interventions address both the National Institute of Nursing Research themes and the
overall goals of the Healthy People 2020 leading health indicators? (select all that apply)
a. Establishing a new park with a well-lit track
b. Establishing a smoking cessation campaign
c. Providing reduced-cost transportation passes to senior citizens
d. Providing free condoms at all federally funded health clinics
ANS: A, B, D
Establishing a new park with a well-lit track, establishing a smoking cessation campaign, and
providing free condoms at all federally funded health clinics all address the National Institute of
Nursing Research themes and the Healthy People 2020 leading health indicators. A park,
smoking cessation campaign, and free condoms address the themes of promoting health and
preventing disease and the goal of increasing quality and years of healthy life. Providing
reduced-cost transportation passes to senior citizens may indirectly affect the health of this
population; however, it is not directly related to the themes of the National Institute of Research
(promote health and prevent disease, improve quality of life through symptom management, and
support palliative and end-of-life care, innovation, and nurse scientists) or the overall goals of
Healthy People 2020 (increase quality and years of healthy life and eliminate health disparities).
Chapter 02: Emerging Populations and Health
Edelman: Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following statements about ethnic minorities in the United States is accurate?
a. It is estimated that the percentage of ethnic minorities will decrease during the next 30 years.
b. It is estimated that ethnic minorities will increase to one in two by 2050.
c. The increasing population of refugees has been a significant contributor to the increase in
ethnic minorities.
d. The increasing population of ethnic minorities has helped decrease the health disparities faced
by this population.
ANS: B
It is estimated that the number of ethnic minorities will increase to one in two by 2050. In 2010,
it was estimated that 33% of the population was from an ethnic minority. The increasing
population of immigrants has been a significant contributor to the increasing populations of
major ethnic groups. The increasing populations of ethnic groups is one factor that is producing
disparities in health status and access of the health care system.
2. A person states, My grandmother is the decision maker in our family. Which of the following
is being described by the person?
a. Culture
b. Race
c. Ethnicity
d. Values
ANS: A
Culture, as an element of ethnicity, refers to integrated patterns of human behavior that include
the language, thoughts, communications, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and institutions of
racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups. The term ethnicity encompasses more than a cultural
practice, which is what is being described by the person; it focuses on differences in meanings,
values, and ways of living. Race is associated with power and indexes the history or ongoing
imposition of ones groups authority above another. Values are beliefs about the worth of
something and serve as standards that influence behavior and thinking.
3. The nurse recommended to a 50-year-old woman that she schedule a routine mammogram.
Which of the following would be the most important factor in this womans decision to schedule
this exam?
a. Race
b. Ethnicity
c. Cultural values
d. Value orientation
ANS: C
Cultural values guide actions and decision-making that facilitates self-worth and self-esteem.
They shape human behaviors and determine what individuals will do to maintain their health
status, how they will care for themselves, and others who become ill, and where and from whom
they will seek health care. Race is associated with power and indexes the history or ongoing
imposition of ones groups authority above another. Ethnicity focuses on differences in meanings,
values, and ways of living. Value orientations reflect the personality type of a particular society.
4. Which of the following actions demonstrates a health care professional providing culturally
competent care?
a. Encouraging the person to take medications as prescribed
b. Asking the person to describe his folk healing methods
c. Demonstrating the proper way to administer an insulin injection
d. Assisting the person with discussing his health problems with the family
ANS: B
It is very important for health care providers to be aware of how people interpret their health
issues or illnesses to be capable to provide culturally competent care. A culturally competent
health care professional should be able to consistently and thoroughly recognize and understand
the differences in his or her culture and that of the patient or client, to respect the persons values
and beliefs, and adjust the approach of delivering care to meet each persons needs and
expectations. Asking the person to describe his folk healing methods is the only action that
demonstrates the health care professional seeking input from the person into the care that is
received.
5. A person reports that she has been seeking care from an acupuncturist to help relieve the
chronic pain that she has been experiencing. Which of the following statements would be the
most appropriate response from the nurse?
a. You should have told me that the current treatments were helping your pain.
b. Tell me more about your treatments from the acupuncturist.
c. Tell me why you decided to not to continue with your treatment plan.
d. You should not be seeing an acupuncturist while receiving professional care.
ANS: B
Through a culturally sensitive assessment process, nurses can determine what specific remedies
individuals are using and whether their continued use would interfere with the prescribed
method. The nurse asking the person to describe the treatments from the acupuncturist allows the
nurse to learn this information. The other responses demonstrate an ethnocentric perspective by
the nurse, viewing the treatments from the acupuncturist as inferior to professional care.
6. When providing an educational session about the Arab American population, which of the
following information would be included?
a. The largest group of Arab Americans was refugees in the 1960s.
b. The largest groups of Arab Americans are from Palestine and Iraq.
c. Members of the Arab American population are most likely to live in rural communities.
d. Members of the Arab American population are more likely to have college degrees than
Americans at large.
ANS: D
Members of the Arab American population are more likely to have college degrees (+45%) than
Americans at large (28%). About 94% of Arab Americans live in metropolitan areas. The largest
groups of Arab Americans are the Lebanese, Syrians, and Egyptians. Arab Americans came to
the United States in three immigration waves; the last occurred in the 1960s and consisted of
many professionals, entrepreneurs, and skilled and semiskilled laborers.
7. A health care professional is caring for an Arab American individual. Which of the following
cultural practices of this ethnic minority should be considered when planning care?
a. This ethnic culture tends to be future oriented.
b. Religion plays an important role in this culture.
c. Traditional cultural practices are infrequently used during a health crisis.
d. Members of this culture tend to have smaller families.
ANS: B
Religion plays an important part in Arab culture, and there are dietary rules and prescribed rituals
for praying and washing. Arab Americans are present oriented and view the future as uncertain.
During a health crisis, many Arab Americans seek out their family, community, and traditional
values and cultural practices. Arab American families are, on average, larger than nonArab
American families.
8. A health care professional is providing education to the parents of an Asian American child
who has recently been diagnosed with Type I diabetes. Which of the following actions should be
taken by the health care professional?
a. Provide instructions to the childs father.
b. Encourage the parents to bring other siblings into the clinic for screening.
c. Schedule multiple educational sessions for the child and family.
d. Watch for nonverbal gestures by the adults to indicate understanding.
ANS: A
In Asian American culture, the oldest male family member often is the decision maker and
spokesperson. Maintaining harmony is an important value in Asian cultures, and it is strongly
emphasized to avoid conflict and direct confrontation. As a result of this, Asian Americans may
not show their disagreement with the recommendations of health care professionals. Type I
diabetes is not a common health problem experienced by this minority, so it is probably not
necessary to encourage screening for siblings. Additional educational sessions may be necessary;
however, Asian Americans tend to be more highly educated than any other population in the
United States.
9. An Asian American family has recently immigrated to the United States. Which of the
following would provide an appropriate rationale when encouraging the family to send their
child to school?
a. The child will get a good education.
b. According to law, all children must go to school.
c. The child can get health care at school.
d. Exposure to different cultures in school will enhance socialization.
ANS: D
Exposure to different cultures in school facilitates the adoption of other cultural beliefs and aids
in the socialization of the child into a new environment.
10. Which of the following was the fastest-growing minority group in the United States between
2000 and 2010?
a. Asian American
b. Arab American
c. Hispanic American
d. Native American
ANS: C
A 43% increase in the Hispanic population between 2000 and 2010 makes Hispanics the fastestgrowing minority group in the United States.
11. The interrelationship of poverty and health care dollars spent by Blacks and other minorities
is affected greatly by: [Show Less]