GENITOURINARY GLOSSARY/LABS EXAM
ELABORATIONS LATEST UPDATE
2022/2023
Albuminuria - This medical term is a sign of kidney disease. The large protein
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albumin is able to pass through the glomerulus and ends up in the urine.
Aldosterone - This medical term is a steroid hormone secreted by the zona
glomerulosa of the adrenal glands. It causes sodium and water retention, and
potassium excretion. The release of this hormone causes an INCREASE in BP.
Bacteriuria - The medical term for the presence of bacteria in the urine.
Azotemia - The medical term for and elevation of BUN and creatinine in the blood.
Should be considered a sign of potential and likely renal failure.
Cystitis - The medical term meaning inflammation of the bladder. It is the medical
term for a lower UTI.
Micturition - The medical term for the action of taking a piss.
Post Void Residual - The medical term for the test that shows the amount of urine
that remains in your bladder after micturition. Uses a catheter or bladder scanner.
Proteinuria - The medical term for protein in the urine. Could be a sign of kidney
disease.
Pyelonephritis - The medical term meaning inflammation of the renal pelvis. Aka, a
kidney infection, or more commonly referred to as an upper UTI.
Pyuria - The medical term for the presence of leukocytes (WBC's)
Residual urine - The amount of urine that remains after micturition.
Urinary retention - Term: Urine is being held in the bladder, but not being voided
despite current functioning ability of the kidneys.
Urinary suppression - Term: There is no urine, the kidneys aren't doing their job, and
there is nothing to excrete.
Tenesmus - Term: painful straining to urinate. The patient still feels the urge to pee.
Commonly seen in UTIs.
Enuresis - The medical term for involuntary urination during sleep. (a neuro skill
generally obtained by the age of 5 years old.)
Urethrovesical reflux - The abnormal backflow of urine from the urethra back into the
bladder when you cough or sneeze.
Vesicoureteral reflux - The abnormal backflow of urine from the bladder through the
ureters. Back into the kidneys.
Kidneys - Theses are located at the costovertebral angle, retroperitoneal, flank area,
right beneath the 12th rib.
20 - Blood passes through the filtration of the kidneys approximately how many
times per hour.
INTO - The afferent arteriole feeds blood ____ the glomerulus.
out - The efferent arteriole feeds blood ____ of the glomerulus and back into the
blood stream.
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