General Chemistry ACS Study Guide 69 Questions with Verified Answers
Isotopes - CORRECT ANSWER when the number of neutrons varies but it has the same
... [Show More] number of protons ex) Ne-20 and Ne-22`
What was believed until the beginning of the 20th century? - CORRECT ANSWER That all physical phenomena were deterministic
Light - CORRECT ANSWER Form of electromagnetic radiation
What is electromagnetic radiation composed of? - CORRECT ANSWER perpendicular oscillating waves, one for the magnetic field and one for the electric field
Quantum number n - CORRECT ANSWER size, n>1
Quantum number l - CORRECT ANSWER shape, l=0 to (n-1)
Quantum number ml - CORRECT ANSWER orientation, -l to +l
s orbital - CORRECT ANSWER l=0, 1 orbital
p orbital - CORRECT ANSWER l=1, 3 orbitals
d orbital - CORRECT ANSWER l=2, 5 orbitals
f orbital - CORRECT ANSWER l=3, 7 orbitals
Electron configurations - CORRECT ANSWER description of the orbitals occupied by electrons
Valence electrons - CORRECT ANSWER in the electron configuration they are the electrons associated with highest principle valence shell orbital
Nonmetallic character trend - CORRECT ANSWER increases from left to right and bottom to top
Electron Affinity trend - CORRECT ANSWER get more negative from left to right and bottom to top
Ionization Energy trend - CORRECT ANSWER increases from left to right and bottom to top
Metallic Character trend - CORRECT ANSWER gets more metallic from right to left and top to bottom
Atomic Radius trend - CORRECT ANSWER increases from top to bottom and right to left
Naming molecular compounds - CORRECT ANSWER prefix+1st element+prefix+base name of 2nd -ide
Naming Ionic Compounds - CORRECT ANSWER metal w/ invariant charge=metal name
metal w/ variant charge= metal name(charge)
nonmetal= stem of name+-ide
Oxidation numbers - CORRECT ANSWER 1-3. sum=charge
4. 1A=+1 2A=+2
5. F=-1
6.H=+1
7. O=-2
8. POLY
9. 7A=-1 6A=-2 5A=-3
How to draw Lewis Structure - CORRECT ANSWER 1. determine valence e-
2. use bond calculator
3. draw Lewis Structure
2 electron groups, 0 lone pairs - CORRECT ANSWER Linear
3 electron groups, 0 lone pairs - CORRECT ANSWER Trigonal Planar
3 electron groups, 1 lone pair - CORRECT ANSWER Bent-120
4 electron groups, 0 lone pairs - CORRECT ANSWER Tetrahedral
4 electron groups, 1 lone pair - CORRECT ANSWER Trigonal Pyramidal
4 electron groups, 2 lone pairs - CORRECT ANSWER Bent 109.5
5 electron groups, 0 lone pairs - CORRECT ANSWER Trigonal Bipyramidal
5 electron groups, 1 lone pair - CORRECT ANSWER Seesaw
5 electron groups, 2 lone pairs - CORRECT ANSWER T-shaped
5 electron groups, 3 lone pairs - CORRECT ANSWER Linear
6 electron groups, 0 lone pairs - CORRECT ANSWER Octahedral
6 electron groups, 1 lone pair - CORRECT ANSWER square pyramidal
6 electron groups, 2 lone pairs - CORRECT ANSWER square planar
Kinetic Energy - CORRECT ANSWER energy that is being transferred
Potential Energy - CORRECT ANSWER energy that is stored in an object
Enthalpy(H) - CORRECT ANSWER the sum of internal energy of the system and the product of pressure and volume
Hess's Law - CORRECT ANSWER the change in enthalpy for a step wise process is the sum of the enthalpy changes of the steps
Standard Enthalpy of Formation - CORRECT ANSWER the enthalpy change for the reaction forming 1 ole of a pure compound from its constituent elements
Net ionic Equations - CORRECT ANSWER an ionic equation where all spectator ions are removed
stoichiometry - CORRECT ANSWER the study o the numerical relationship between chemical quantities in a chemical reaction
BCA table - CORRECT ANSWER efficient way to organize stoichiometric calculations
Molarity - CORRECT ANSWER moles of solute/ liters of solution
Dilution - CORRECT ANSWER the process of preparing a more dilute solution by adding solvent to a more concentrated solution
Matter - CORRECT ANSWER anything that occupies space and has mass
Pure substance - CORRECT ANSWER doesn't have variable composition
Mixture - CORRECT ANSWER has variable composition
Element - CORRECT ANSWER not separable into similar substances ex)Ne He Au
Compound - CORRECT ANSWER separable into similar substances ex) H2O
Heterogeneous - CORRECT ANSWER different throughout ex) wet sand
homogeneous - CORRECT ANSWER same throughout ex) tea with sugar
Physical Change - CORRECT ANSWER changes that alter the state or appearance of the matter without altering the composition ex) boiling water
Chemical Change - CORRECT ANSWER changes that alter the composition of the matter ex) rusting of an iron pole
Strong Acids - CORRECT ANSWER Hcl, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2SO4, HClO4
Strong Bases - CORRECT ANSWER 1A and 2A hydroxides
Boyles Law - CORRECT ANSWER P1V1=P2V2, pressure is inversely related to volume
Charles Law - CORRECT ANSWER V1/T1=V2/T2, volume of gas is directly proportional to temperature
Avogadros Law - CORRECT ANSWER V1/n1=V2/n2 volume directly proportional to the number of moles
Combined Gas Law - CORRECT ANSWER P1V1/n1T1=P2V2/n2T2
Change from gas to solid - CORRECT ANSWER deposition
change from solid to gas - CORRECT ANSWER sublimation
change from solid to liquid - CORRECT ANSWER melting
change from liquid to solid - CORRECT ANSWER freezing
change from gas to liquid - CORRECT ANSWER condensation
change from liquid to gas - CORRECT ANSWER vaporization
Dispersion Force - CORRECT ANSWER ...
Hydrogen Bonding - CORRECT ANSWER ...
Dipole-Dipole Force - CORRECT ANSWER ... [Show Less]