A client is provided with materials to obtain three fecal occult blood tests (Hemoccult). What health teaching does the nurse provide? Select all that
... [Show More] apply. A. "Avoid red meat and raw vegetables for a week before getting the samples." B. "Drink a gallon of GoLYTELY before you collect the first sample." C. "Do not take food or fluids for 24 hours before the test." D. "Do not take ibuprofen for a week before obtaining the samples." E. "Avoid vitamin C tablets, foods, and juices a week before getting the samples." - Answer: A, D, E
Rationale: To avoid obtaining false-positive results associated with fecal occult blood tests (Hemoccult), patients must avoid certain foods before the test, such as raw fruits and vegetables and red meat. Vitamin C-rich foods, juices, and tablets must also be avoided. Anticoagulants, such as warfarin (Coumadin), and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs should be discontinued for 7 days before testing begins.
What is a common gastrointestinal problem that older adults experience more frequently as they age? Decreased hydrochloric acid Excess lipase production Increased liver enzymes Increased peristalsis - Atrophy of the gastric mucosa causes a decreased ratio of gastrin-secreting cells to somatostatin-secreting cells. This results in a decrease in hydrochloric acid, causing decreased absorption of iron and vitamin B12. In the pancreas, calcification of pancreatic vessels occurs, with a decrease in lipase production. The decrease in lipase results in decreased fat absorption and digestion. Steatorrhea and diarrhea can subsequently occur. The number and size of hepatic cells are decreased, which results in decreased enzyme activity; decreased liver enzyme activity depresses drug metabolism, and therefore may cause accumulation of drugs to toxic levels. In the large intestine, peristalsis is decreased and nerve impulses are dulled, which can result in postponement of bowel movements in older adults.
A client is admitted to the hospital with severe right upper quadrant (RUQ) abdominal pain. Which assessment technique does the nurse use for this client? Assesses the abdomen in the following sequence: inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation Examines the RUQ of the abdomen last Has the client lie in a supine position with legs straight and arms at the sides - Views the abdomen by looking directly down while standing over the client's abdominal area cussion, and then palpation. This sequence prevents the increase in intestinal activity and bowel sounds caused by palpation and percussion. The client would be positioned supine with the knees bent, while keeping the arms at the sides to prevent tensing of the abdominal muscles. It is best to inspect the abdomen by sIf the client reports pain in
the RUQ, the nurse would examine this area last in the examination sequence. This sequence prevents the client from tensing abdominal muscles because of the pain, which would make the examination difficult. The sequence for examining the abdomen is inspection, auscultation, pertanding at the side of the bed and then looking down on the abdomen, and also from the side at eye level.
A client is admitted to the hospital with elevated serum amylase and lipase levels and a decreased calcium level. Which gastrointestinal health problem is indicated by these laboratory findings? Acute pancreatitis Cirrhosis Crohn's disease Diarrhea - These laboratory values are commonly found in clients with acute pancreatitis. They are not indicative of cirrhosis of the liver or Crohn's disease. These laboratory values are not found in a client with diarrhea.
The nurse is assessing a client who has come to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain. The client is very thin and the nurse observes visible peristaltic movements when inspecting the abdomen. What does the nurse suspect? Acute diarrhea Aortic aneurysm Intestinal obstruction Pancreatitis - Peristaltic movements are rarely seen except in thin clients and should be reported since the finding may indicate an intestinal obstruction. Acute diarrhea does not cause visible peristaltic movements. Aortic aneurysm may cause a bulging, pulsatile mass. Pancreatitis is characterized by severe pain.
The nurse practitioner is performing an abdominal assessment on a newly admitted client. In which order should the nurse proceed with assessment technique? Auscultation, percussion, palpation, inspection Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation Palpation, percussion, inspection, auscultation Percussion, auscultation, palpation, inspection - The abdomen is assessed by using the four techniques of examination, but in a sequence different from that used for other body systems: inspection, auscultation, percussion, and then palpation. This sequence is preferred so that palpation and percussion do not increase intestinal activity and bowel sounds. Nurse generalists may perform inspection, auscultation, and light palpation; percussion and deep palpation may be done by advanced practice nurses.
A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is prescribed to start pantoprazole (Protonix) 40 mg every day. Which statement by the client requires further teaching by the nurse? A. "When I feel better, I can stop taking this drug." B. "I'll take this drug at 8 AM every morning." C. "This drug can cause headache and dizziness." D. "I should not crush the drug because it has a delayed release." - Answer: A [Show Less]