GACE 609 COMPLETE SOLUTION 2023
"The Raft of the Medusa" - ANSWER-Victims of a shipwreck in a dramatic moment
when survivors regain hope of rescue.
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... [Show More] Composition, two overlapping triangles. (Left) is defined by the mast and two ropes,
includes the dead and dying. (Right) peak is the standing man waving a shirt, figures
with arms outstretched indicating hope.
- Movement, contrasting the postures of the figures. The waving man at the peak of the
right triangle is the climax, of rising hope and advancing motion.
- Unity and Balance, Two triangles, one of despair, the other of hope with transitional
figures in both. The triangles lean in opposite directions, balancing the other.
- Color and Light/Dark Contrast, storm clouds and cresting waves - dark menacing
mood. The horizon where rescue ship is - bright, salvation. Implying emotions of hope
and hopelessness.
- Mood, Jumbled lines of bodies suggest turbulence.
Architecture came into being with the construction of - ANSWER-ritual monuments
The first art objects were created to - ANSWER-control or appease natural forces.-
symbols had supernatural significance and magic powers.
Oldest surviving art objects are sculptures made from - ANSWER-bone, ivory, stone or
antlers, either engraved, carved in deep relief or fully rounded 3D sculptures.
This sculpture is more of a cluster of spheres than individualized woman - probably
fertility fetish, symbolizing abundance. - ANSWER-Venus of Willendorf
Why were cave paintings created - ANSWER-animal images were located in the most
remote recesses to guarantee a successful hunt. 2D profile images seem to float in
space with no background surroundings.
Cave Painting at Lascaux - ANSWER-Charcoal was used to outline irregularities in the
walls suggesting forms from nature. Bulges in rock implied bulk, tonal shading with
earth-tone pigments lent contour and perspective. Paints used were chunks of red and
yellow ocher ground into powder, applied with brushes or blown through hollow bones.
What two caves have been discovered to have the most ancient cave drawings -
ANSWER-Altamira Caves in Northern Spain and Lascaux, France
Paleolithic Age (Stone Age) was replaced with - ANSWER-Neolithic Age (New Age)
Colossal architecture of massive, upright stones appear in Neolithic Age They took what
three forms - ANSWER-1. Dolmen, large, vertical stones with covering slab like a giant
table.
2. Menhir, single stone set on its end.
3. Cromlech, circular arrangement of stones.
Stonehenge is an example of - ANSWER-Cromlech
Stonehenge was most likely built for an - ANSWER-accurate astronomical calendar.
Outer rings consist of trilithons, Pi shaped rocks like gigantic doorways. A ring of smaller
upright stones like grave markers then horseshoe of finished trilithons. Isolated from the
concentric circles is a heel-stone, marking where the sun rises in the East at summer
solstice.
Trilithons - ANSWER-Pi shaped rocks like gigantic doorways.
Carnac - ANSWER-Rows of thousands of megaliths (large unhewn boulders) stretch for
several miles, associated with worship of the sun or moon.
Tower of Babel, Mesopotamia - ANSWER-270 foot high tower, an emblem of man's
arrogance in trying to reach heaven, The inner sanctuary contained elaborate couch
and gold table, claimed to be where their god slept.
The Hanging Gardens, Mesopotamia - ANSWER-One of the Seven Wonders of the
Ancient World. Lush flowering shrubs and trees spilling over the city above the
Euphrates River. Sumerians, first inhabitants, mastered irrigation and flood control to
create fertile oasis amid the sandy plains. (Iraq)
The Palace of Sargon II - ANSWER-First complex cities centered around a temple, with
workshops, storehouses, living areas. Towering over the elevated palace, the ziggurat's
height reflected the belief that gods dwelled on high.
ziggurat - ANSWER-stepped pyramid shaped tower.
Mesopotamia bas-relief sculpture - ANSWER-detailed military exploits, hunting
expeditions
The Dying Lioness - ANSWER-Kings personal courage, Portrays a wounded beast,
paralyzed by arrows. Flattened ears and straining muscles convey death with
convincing realism.
Egyptian society was most obsessed with - ANSWER-immortality
Egyptian art - ANSWER-remained unchanged for 3,000 years. Their main concern was
the after-life was comfortable for their rulers. (gods).
Egyptian colossal architecture - ANSWER-existed to surround the pharaoh's spirit with
eternal glory.
How did Egyptians contribute to a major civilization - ANSWER-They established
literature, medical science, and higher math.
Egyptology - ANSWER-reconstructs Egyptian civilization from the huge storehouse of
surviving antiquities.
What happened when Napoleon invaded Egypt? - ANSWER-Along with many troops
and scholars he brought along with him, the archeologists brought back to France the
Rosetta Stone, a slab of black basalt with the same inscription in 3 languages including
Greek and hieroglyphics. It took 15 centuries with no one able to crack the code. Then
within 22 years, French linguist Jean-Francois Champollion cracked it.
ka - ANSWER-immortal spirit. (Egyptian)
How were Egyptian sculpture and paintings of the human form depicted - ANSWER-A
front view of the eye and shoulders and profile view of head, arms and legs.
Wall paintings - surface is divided into horizontal bands separated by lines. spare, broad
shouldered, narrow hipped figure wears a headdress and kilt, stands rigidly with arms at
side, one leg advanced.
Size of the figure indicated rank - pharaohs were giants towering over pygmy-sized
servants
How were Egyptian statues to last eternally - ANSWER-they were made of hard
substances like granite and diorite. The pose was always frontal and bisymmetrical with
arms close to the torso with few breakable parts projecting - motionless. Human
anatomy was an approximation
Queen Nefertiti - ANSWER-Looking less like an Egyptian. Nefertiti's husband, Pharaoh
Akhenaton, a radical reformer and artist, encouraged a temporary loosening of artistic
conventions. a more naturalistic representation of his wife.
Why did the Egyptians perfect the science of embalming? - ANSWER-to provide a
durable receptacle for the deceased's spirit
Famous solid gold death mask covering the royal mummy's face in the innermost of
three nested coffins. - ANSWER-Mask of King Tutankhamen
Golden Age (480-430 BC) - ANSWER-the zenith of Western civilization began. Ancient
Greece, Age of Pericles, after Athenian leader who championed democracy and
encouraged free thinking. Creating a society of intellectual and artistic risk-takers.
What was the principal motif of Greek art? - ANSWER-the human figure. Greek
philosophy stressed harmony, order, and clarity of thought, Greek art and architecture
reflected a similar respect for balance.
What break-through did Greek artists achieve - ANSWER-realistic trompe l'oeil effects,
deceive the eye, technique that uses realistic imagery to create the optical illusion that
the depicted objects exist in three dimensions.
Greek Vase Painting told stories - ANSWER-about gods and heroes of Greek myths as
well as contemporary subjects as warfare and drinking parties.
Geometric Style of Vase Painting - ANSWER-vase design, because figures and
ornaments were primarily geometric shapes.
Archaic Period of Vase Painting - ANSWER-the great age of vase painting
Two styles of vase painting - ANSWER-Black-figured style stood out against reddish
clay background. Artist scratched in details with a needle to expose the red beneath.
(Later) Red-figured style, figures on a black background, were composed of natural red
clay with details painted in black.
Dionysus in a Sailboat - ANSWER-Archaic Period, earliest instance which an object
(sail) was presented realistically rather than in some stylized manner.
Youth Singing and Playing the Kithara - ANSWER-red figured style (red figure/black
background)
amphora - ANSWER-two handled vessel
Who invented nude art? - ANSWER-Greeks, with proportions of their statues
representing the perfection of both body (athletic) and mind (intellectual). seeking two
poles of human behavior (passion and reason).
How was the marble embellished in Greek statues?... [Show Less]