1. A male teenage client tells the nurse that his friends like to drink alcohol occasionally to get drunk. The client’s friends see nothing wrong with
... [Show More] their drinking habits. The client states that he was taught by his parents and agrees that underage drinking is not acceptable. Also, he has never seen his parents drunk; therefore, he refuses to drink with his friends. Which mode of transmission best describes how this client’s particular value was formed?
a. Moralizing
b. Modeling
c. Reward-punishment
d. Laissez-faire
ANS: B
Modeling best describes how the teenage client developed this value because his parents not only discussed this issue but behaved in a way for the teen to copy. Moralizing sets standards of right and wrong with no choices allowed; the reward-punishment model rewards valued behavior and punishes undesired behavior; and the laissez-faire model imposes no restriction or direction on choices.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 20 OBJ: 1
TOP: Acquiring Values KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
2. A female client becomes combative when the nurse attempts to administer routine medications. The nurse would like to ignore the client but chooses to talk with the client to calm her. The nurse is successful in calming the client, and the client takes her medications. What process best describes how the nurse decided on the course of action taken?
a. Values clarification
b. Nurse’s rights
c. Beliefs
d. Morals
ANS: A
Values clarification consists of the steps of choosing, prizing, and acting. This most accurately describes how the nurse made the proper decision. The nurse chose the best action, reaffirmed the choice, and then enacted the choice. The nurse’s rights were not violated, and beliefs and morals do not describe the entire decision-making process that occurred.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 20 OBJ: 1
TOP: Values Clarification KEY: Nursing Process Step: Intervention MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
3. Which patient right may clients with mental health disorders lose during treatment?
a. Confidentiality of records
b. Freedom from restraint or seclusion
c. Humane treatment environment
d. Referral to other mental health providers on discharge
ANS: B
A client could lose the right of freedom from restraint or seclusion in emergency situations, such as being a threat to himself or others. The other rights must be upheld at all times.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 21 OBJ: 2
TOP: Client Rights KEY: Nursing Process Step: Intervention
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
4. Twenty three states have enacted mental health parity laws. The most accurate description of these laws is that they require insurance companies to:
a. Include coverage for mental illness
b. Include coverage for substance abuse treatment
c. Include coverage for mental illness that is equal to coverage for physical illness
d. Include coverage for outpatient therapy for individuals with substance abuse
ANS: C
The mental health parity laws require insurance companies to include coverage for mental illness that is equal to coverage for physical illness. Only nine states include treatment for substance abuse in their parity laws.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 21 OBJ: 2
TOP: Client Rights KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
5. The rights of the care provider include the right to:
a. Fair pay
b. Fair benefits from employers
c. Refuse to care for individuals who may cause harm to the care provider
d. Respect as individuals
ANS: D
In addition to the right to respect as individuals, the rights of the care provider include the rights to safety, competent assistance, set standards for quality and development of policies that affect client care, and full and equal participation as a member of the health care team. Fair pay and benefits are not addressed by care provider rights. A care provider has the right to safety but cannot refuse to care for an individual because he may fear harm from the client. Proper safety measures must be implemented.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 21 OBJ: 1
TOP: Care Provider Rights KEY: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
6. The Nurse’s Code of Ethics includes the main concepts of autonomy, beneficence, justice, and:
a. Rights
b. Morals
c. Nonmaleficence
d. Prudence
ANS: C
Nonmaleficence is the fourth main concept of the Nurse’s Code of Ethics. The concept is that the nurse must do no harm to the client. Rights are a power or privilege that a person has just claim to, morals are a person’s belief regarding what is right or wrong, and prudence refers to the ability to judge between virtuous and vicious actions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 21 OBJ: 3
TOP: Ethical Principles KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
7. The client is feeling very anxious and has requested that a p.r.n. antianxiety medication be ordered. The nurse informs the client that the medication can be administered only every 4 hours and was given 3 hours ago. The nurse promises to give the client the medication as soon as it is due, but the nurse goes to lunch 1 hour later without giving the client the medication. Which ethical principle did the nurse violate?
a. Fidelity
b. Veracity
c. Confidentiality
d. Justice [Show Less]