A male teenage client tells the nurse that his friends like to drink alcohol occasionally to get
drunk. The client’s friends see nothing wrong with
... [Show More] their drinking habits. The client states that he
was taught by his parents and agrees that underage drinking is not acceptable. Also, he has never
seen his parents drunk; therefore, he refuses to drink with his friends. Which mode of
transmission best describes how this client’s particular value was formed?
a. Moralizing
b. Modeling
c. Reward-punishment
d. Laissez-faire
ANS: B
Modeling best describes how the teenage client developed this value because his parents not only
discussed this issue but behaved in a way for the teen to copy. Moralizing sets standards of right and
wrong with no choices allowed; the reward-punishment model rewards valued behavior and
punishes undesired behavior; and the laissez-faire model imposes no restriction or direction on
choices.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 20 OBJ: 1
TOP: Acquiring Values KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
2. A female client becomes combative when the nurse attempts to administer routine
medications. The nurse would like to ignore the client but chooses to talk with the client to calm
her. The nurse is successful in calming the client, and the client takes her medications. What
process best describes how the nurse decided on the course of action taken?
a. Values clarification
b. Nurse’s rights
c. Beliefs
d. Morals
ANS: A
Values clarification consists of the steps of choosing, prizing, and acting. This most accurately
describes how the nurse made the proper decision. The nurse chose the best action, reaffirmed the
choice, and then enacted the choice. The nurse’s rights were not violated, and beliefs and morals do
not describe the entire decision-making process that occurred.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 20 OBJ: 1
TOP: Values Clarification KEY: Nursing Process Step: Intervention
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment [Show Less]