Family Practice Guidelines 4th Edition Cash Glass Test Bank
Family Practice Guidelines 4th
Edition Cash Glass
MC cause of bronchitis -
... [Show More] adenovirus
Tuberculosis treatment that causes peripheral neuropathy - Isoniazid
-give B6 (pyridoxine) to help prevent
Tx of strep throat - penicillin for 10 days
MC type of pharyngitis/tonsillitis - viral
Diagnosis of acute/chronic sinusitis - CT scan
Tx of acute sinusitis - Amoxicillin
MC bacterial cause of chronic sinusitis - S. aureus
MC fungal cause of chronic sinusitis - Aspergillus
Tx of chronic sinusitis - Amphotericin B
(fungal)
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MC cause of conjunctivitis - viral (adenovirus)
Common place to contract conjunctivitis - swimming pools
PE finding in conjunctivitis - preauricular lymphadenopathy
Infection of lacrimal sac - Dacryocystitis
Tx of labyrinthitis - steroids
Tx of otitis externa - Ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone
Ofloxacin if perforated TM
MC cause of otitis media - Bacterial (Strep. pneumo)
Tx of otitis media - Amoxicillin
First line tx of acute glaucoma - Acetazolamide
(also Timolol and Pilocarpine)
Drusen seen in... - Dry macular degeneration (Drusen = Dry)
Tx of wet macular degeneration - anti-angiogenics (bevacizumab)
Tx of papilledema - Acetazolamide (diuretic)
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"blood and thunder" finding on PE of eye - central retinal vein occlusion
Painless brown/yellow otorrhea with odor - Cholesteatoma
Allergic rhinitis is ________ mediated - IgE
Tx of allergic rhinitis - inranasal steroids
MC location for posterior epistaxis - Palatine artery
MC cause of peritonsillar abscess - MC strep pyogenes (GABHS)
Diagnosis of peritonsillar abscess - CT scan
HTN goals - < 140/90
< 150/90 if > 60 years old
Sore throat with absence of cough - strep pharyngitis (strep throat)
Gold standard test for Von Willebrand disease - Ristocetin activity test
(will be DECREASED in Von Willebrand dz)
Desmopressin is only a good tx for hemophilia _____ - A
Vitamin _____ increases iron absorption - C
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B12 is absorbed in the ______ - ileum
Folate is absorbed in the ______ - jejunum
Tx of CML - Imatinib (Gleevec)
"smudge cells" = - CLL (chronic so cells are fragile and smudge easily)
"auer rods" = - AML
Microcytic anemia with normal/increased serum iron or no response to iron tx = -
Thalassemia
"target cells" = - Thalassemia
Polycythemia = __________ mutation - JAK2
MC cause of gastritis - H. pylori
Tx of H. pylori infection - "CAP"
Clarithromycin
Amoxicillin
PPI
Viral hepatitis that causes a spiking fever - Hep. A
MC cause of cholecystitis - gallstones in the bile duct and subsequent infection with E.
coli
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Infectious esophagitis MC in who? - Immunocompromised
(Candida, CMV, HSV)
Hallmark of infectious esophagitis - odynophagia (pain swallowing foods)
multiple corrugated rings seen on endoscopy = - Eosinophilic esophagitis
Mainstay of tx in PAD - Cilostazol
Helps to prevent NSAID-induced ulcers (but does not treat ulcers that are already
present) - Misoprostol
MC cause of pancreatitis in children - cystic fibrosis
hallmark of ulcerative colitis - bloody diarrhea
Labs for ulcerative colitis and crohn's - Ulcerative colitis = PANCA
Crohn's = ASCA
Maintenance tx for ulcerative colitis and crohn's - Mesalamine (NSAID)
(steroids in acute flare)
MC type of colon polyp and least risk or becoming cancerous - tubular adenoma
Colon polyp with the highest risk of becoming cancerous - Villous adenoma
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Mainstay of tx of gastroenteritis - fluid repletion (po preferred)
MC overall cause of gastroenteritis in adults - Norovirus
MC cause of diarrhea in children - Rotavirus
"Rice water stools" = - cholera
Tx with fluid replacement and tetracyclines
Common antibiotic causing C. diff - Clindamycin
Tx of C. diff - Metronidazole first line
Vancomycin 2nd line (but first if severe)
MC cause of bacterial enteritis in US - Campylobacter jejuni
"S, comma, or seagull shaped" on stool culture = - Campylobacter enteritis
Tx of Campylobacter enteritis - Erythromycin
Explosive, water, bloody or mucoid diarrhea - Shigella
Tx of shigella causing diarrhea - Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
"pea soup" stool - Salmonella typhi
Tx of salmonella gastroenteritis - Fluoroquinolones (-floxacin) if severe
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"Backpacker's diarrhea"
"Frothy, greasy, foul diarrhea" - Giardia lamblia
Tx of Giardia lamblia - Metronidazole
Tx of amebiasis - Metronidazole
MC cause of chronic diarrhea in patients with AIDS - Cryptosporidium
Exclamation point hairs - alopecia areata
Tx of androgenic alopecia - minoxidil and finasteride
Lichen planus has an increased incidence with... - Hep. C
"Pencil-in-cup" deformity on x-ray of the fingers - Psoriatic arthritis
Tinea versicolor = overgrowth of - Malassezia furfur
Lichen simplex chronicus = - thickened skin due to repeated scratching in patients with
eczema, psoriasis, etc. (affected skin fails to tan)
Tx of tinea versicolor - Topical antifungals: ("azoles")
Selenium sulfide
Sodium sulfacetamide
Zinc pyrithione
Systemic therapy: Itraconazole or Fluconazole
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Must not shower for 8-12 hours after administration
Seborrheic dermatitis - Hypersensitivity of Malassezia furfur (dandruff, cradle cap)
occurs in areas of high sebaceous gland oversecretion
Same tx as tinea versicolor + Ketoconazole
Ketoconazole for infants with cradle cap
Tx of urticaria - antihistamines
Erythema multiforme is a type ______ hypersensitivity reaction - IV
Erythema multiforme MC associated with... - Herpes simplex virus
Target lesions and "dusty-violet" red, purpuric macules/vesicles in the center - Erythema
multiforme
Erythema multiforme minor vs major - Minor - no mucosal membrane lesions
Major - involvement of >1 mucous membranes; ne epidermal detachment
First line tx for rosacea - Metronidazole
(and avoid triggers - alcohol, stress, cold)
MC premalignant skin condition; "sandpaper" - actinic keratosis
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(premalignant to squamous cell carcinoma)
MC benign skin tumor; "greasy, stuck on" appearance - Seborrheic keratosis
MC type of skin cancer - basal cell carcinoma
small, raised, translucent/pearly/waxy papule with central ulceration and raised, rolled
borders; bleeds easily; may have telangiectatic vessels - basal cell carcinoma
Tx of basal cell carcinoma on the face - Mohs micrographic surgery
Tx of small, superficial basal cell carcinoma - Imiquimod and 5FU
MC skin cancer related death - malignant melanoma
Most important prognostic factor for METS in malignant melanoma - thickness
Diagnosis of malignant melanoma - full-thickness wide excisional biopsy + lymph node
biopsy
ABCDE of malignant melanoma - A = Asymmetry
B = Borders
C = Color
D = Diameter (usually > 6mm)
E = Evolving
Kaposi's sarcoma is caused by... - human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8)
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Tx of Kaposi's sarcoma - HAART therapy
Tx of choice for impetigo - *Topical mupirocin (Bactroban)*
*tid x 10 days*
Cephalexin (Keflex) in extensive disease
Tx of cellulitis - *Cephalexin (Keflex) or dicloxacillin*
(clindamycin or erythromycin if PCN allergic)
*x 7-10 days*
Tx of scabies and lice - Permethrin topical is drug of choice
Lindane
(DO NOT use after bath/shower as it can cause seizures through open pores)
(Teratogenic - do not use in children <2 or breastfeeding)
Molluscum contagiosum is caused by... - poxviridae virus
Urticarial plaques --> tense bullae (don't rupture easily). Negative Nikolsky sign.
Primarily dz of the elderly. Type II HSN autotimmune attack. - Bullous pemphigoid
tx of bullous pemphigoid - systemic corticosteroids
Tx of melasma - Topical bleachers: Hydroquinone
Spider bite with erythematous margin around ischemic center - "red halo" [Show Less]