EXPH 367 Final Exam - Questions with Verified Answers What are the key organs of the digestive system? mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large
... [Show More] intestines, glands producing digestive secretions What are the 5 organs of the GI tract? mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine What are the nutritional stages? ingestion, digestion, absorption, transport, assimilation, excretion Mechanical digestion physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces Chemical digestion process by which enzymes break down food into small molecules that the body can use What is the role of saliva? to dissolve small food particles and to lubricate food Sphincters respond to stimulus from .... nerves, hormones, and pressure Upper esophageal sphincter prevents backflow of food from esophagus back into mouth Lower esophageal sphincter a muscular ring that controls the flow between the esophagus and stomach Pyloric sphincter controls passage of food from stomach to small intestine Internal sphincter smooth muscle, involuntary External sphincter skeletal muscle, voluntary What is the capacity of the stomach? holds 1 cup and can expand to hold a gallon How long can food stay in the stomach? food can stay in the stomach for 2+ hours What is the absorption like in the stomach? absorption is minimal What are the 3 segments of the small intestine? duodenum, jejunum, ileum Duodenum first part of the small intestine Jejunum second part of the small intestine Ileum third part of the small intestine How long can food stay in the large intestine? 3-10 hours How long is the large intestine? 10 feet long What organ specializes in absorption? large intestine What is the function if the large intestine? absorb water and electrolytes Water = passive diffusion Sodium = active diffusion What are the 3 segments of the large intestine? cecum, colon, rectum Role of liver in digestion - essential in CHO metabolism - makes protein - hepatocytes make bile to emulsify fats - site of alcohol metabolism - removes and degrades toxins and excess hormones What is the function of the gallbladder? stores and concentrates bile [Show Less]