Assess the Pt's level of consciousness/responsiveness
Is the Pt awake/responsive or unconscious
Primary Survey
"A" - "E"
Position Pt to
... [Show More] open airway & keep C-Spine stable
Airway & Alignment (C-Spine)
Manually open the airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver to maintain C-Spine stabilization
Demonstrates and describes techniques to assess airway patency - Identify at least 3
Vocalization or abnormal airway sounds
Tongue obstruction
Loose teeth or foreign objects
Blood, drooling, secretions, or vomit
Edema
Preferred posture
Dysphagia
Demonstrate and describes required interventions to clear the airway - Identify at least 1
Suction
"Sniffing" Position - place head in a neutral position by placing a towel between shoulder blades
Remove foreign objects
Nasopharyngeal/Oropharyngeal Airway (OPA)
"B"
Breathing & Ventilation
Demonstrates and describes techniques to determine effectiveness of breathing - Identify at least 3
Level of consciousness (LOC)
Spontaneous respirations
Rate & depth of respirations
Decreased/Increased ability
Symmetric & equal chest rise and fall
Presence & quality of breath sounds
Open chest wounds/deformities
Skin color
Begin or maintain oxygen therapy or assisted ventilations using:
~ 100% oxygen w/ NRB mask
~ Bag-mask with 100% oxygen
**Assess effectiveness of ventilation
Equal rise/fall of chest
Auscultates breath sounds
States need for intubation
Prepare for:
- Endotracheal Intubation (ET)
- Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI)
- Needle/surgical cricothyroidotomy
Signs of increased work of breathing
Nasal flaring
Retractions
Head Bobbing
Expiratory grunting
Accessory muscle use
Breathing Interventions - Identify at least 1
Maintain position of comfort
Provide supplemental oxygen
Provide bag-mask ventilation
Reassessment of breathing effectiveness should occur prior to proceeding w/primary assessment
Prepare for Endotracheal Intubation (ET)
Assessment of tube placement should be done prior to proceeding w/primary assessment
Insert Nasogastric (NG) or Orogastric (OG) tube to reduce abdominal distention
"C"
Circulation & Control of Hemorrhage
Circulation Assessment
Identify 2+
Central AND peripheral pulse rate & quality
Skin color AND temp
Capillary refill
Jugular vein distention (JVD) & tracheal position
Circulation Interventions
Identify 1+
Perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation & advanced life-support measures
Control any obvious bleeding
Prepare for defibrillation/synchronized cardioversion
Obtain IV or IO access
Administer 20mL's/kg fluid bolus of Isotonic Crystalloid solution
Administer meds
Administer blood/blood products
Correct electrolyte & acid-base imbalances
Prepare for needle thoracentesis
"D"
Disability (Neuro Status)
Disability (Neuro) Assessment
★ GCS Score
★ Assess pupils
PERRLA
★Assess level of consciousness with AVPU
A - Alert
V - Responds to Verbal Stimuli
P - Responds to Painful Stimuli
U - Unresponsive
Disability (Neuro) Interventions
Perform further investigation during secondary assessment
Administer pharmacological therapy
"E"
Exposure & Environmental Control [Show Less]