EMT/EMS FINAL EXAM Completed A 2022/2023 Verified Answers.
EMS FINAL EXAM
1. A young female presents with costovertebral angle tenderness. She is
... [Show More] conscious and
alert with stable vital signs. Which of the following organs is MOST likely causing her pain?
A) Liver
B) Kidney
C) Pancreas
D) Gallbladder
2. A patent whose speech is slurred and difcult to understand is experiencing:
A) aphasia.
B) dysarthria.
C) dysphagia.
D) paraplegia.
3. Dyspnea is MOST accurately defned as:
A) shortness of breath or difculty breathing.
B) a complete cessaton of respiratory effort.
C) a marked increase in the exhalaton phase.
D) labored breathing with reduced tdal volume.
4. Which of the following questons would you ask a patent to ascertain the “M” in the SAMPLE
history?
A) “Have you ever had any major surgeries?”
B) “How long have you had your chest pain?”
C) “How much Tylenol do you take each day?”
D) “When was the last tme that you ate a meal?”
5. When palpatng a patent's pulse, you note that it is grossly irregular. You should:
A) count the pulse rate for at least 30 seconds to ensure accuracy.
B) count the number of pulsatons in 15 seconds and multply by 4.
C) count the number of pulsatons in 30 seconds and multply by 2.
D) count the pulse rate for a full minute to obtain an accurate reading.
6. Which of the following statements regarding hemophilia is MOST correct?
A) Hemophilia is defned as a total lack of platelets.
B) Patents with hemophilia may bleed spontaneously.
C) Hemophiliacs take aspirin to enhance blood clotng.
D) Approximately 25% of the populaton has hemophilia.
7. Which of the following medicatons blocks the release of histamines?
A) Adrenaline
B) Epinephrine
C) Diphenhydramine
D) Acetaminophen8. You are atemptng to resuscitate a 50-year-old male in cardiac arrest. He is on the second
floor of his home. What is the MOST appropriate device to use when carrying him to the frst
floor?
A) Long backboard
B) Wheeled stretcher
C) Folding stair chair
D) Portable stretcher
9. Which of the following statements regarding abdominal evisceratons is MOST correct?
A) Most evisceratons occur to the lef upper quadrant.
B) The protruding organs should be kept warm and moist.
C) The organs should carefully be replaced to avoid heat loss.
D) Adherent material is preferred when covering an evisceraton.
10. Index of suspicion is MOST accurately defned as:
A) the way in which traumatc injuries occur.
B) a predictable patern that leads to serious injuries.
C) concern for potentally serious underlying injuries.
D) the detecton of less obvious life-threatening injuries.
11. A nuchal cord is defned as an umbilical cord that:
A) has separated from the placenta.
B) is wrapped around the baby's neck.
C) is lacerated due to a traumatc delivery.
D) has abnormally developed blood vessels.
12. When caring for a patent who takes numerous medicatons, it is best to:
A) document the medicatons on your patent care report, but leave them at home so they do
not get misplaced.
B) take all of the patent's medicatons with you to the hospital and document them on your
patent care report.
C) send the patent's medicatons to the hospital with a family member or other person who will
safeguard them.
D) let the hospital staff retrieve the patent's medical records, which should show a list of his or
her current medicatons.
13. In contrast to a behavioral crisis, a psychiatric emergency occurs when a person:
A) demonstrates agitaton or violence or becomes a threat to self or others.
B) experiences feelings of sadness and despair for greater than one month.
C) exhibits impaired functoning due to a chemical or genetc disturbance.
D) experiences a sudden atack of panic secondary to a stressful situaton.14. Once a cervical collar has been applied to a patent with a possible spinal injury, it should
not be removed unless:
A) the patent adamantly denies neck pain.
B) lateral immobilizaton has been applied.
C) it causes a problem managing the ABCs.
D) sensory and motor functons remain intact.
15. Shock is the result of:
A) hypoperfusion to the cells of the body.
B) the body's maintenance of homeostasis.
C) temporary dysfuncton of a major organ.
D) widespread constricton of the blood vessels.
16. The __________________ is a prominent bony mass that is located at the base of the skull
and posterior to the ear.
A) orbital socket
B) sphenoid fossa
C) zygomatc arch
D) mastoid process
17. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infecton of the:
A) testcles.
B) gallbladder.
C) urinary bladder.
D) fallopian tubes.
18. Ketone producton is the result of:
A) acidosis when blood glucose levels are low.
B) blood glucose levels higher than 120 mg/dL.
C) fat metabolizaton when glucose is unavailable.
D) rapid entry of glucose across the cell membrane.
19. Your partner, a veteran EMT-B who you have worked with regularly for the past 4 years,
seems unusually agitated during a call involving an elderly patent. Upon arrival back at your
staton, you note the obvious smell of alcohol on his breath. What should you do?
A) Remain quiet and simply request another partner.
B) Report the incident to your EMS medical director.
C) Discreetly report your suspicions to your supervisor.
D) Tell your partner that he must seek professional help.20. You respond to an ofce building to fnd a middle-aged male in cardiac arrest. Coworkers are
performing CPR and state that the patent has been down for approximately 10 minutes. You
atach the AED, push the analyze buton, and receive a “shock advised” message. You should:
A) ensure that nobody is touching the patent and then defbrillate.
B) contnue CPR for 1 minute and reanalyze the patent's rhythm.
C) transport immediately and request a paramedic unit rendezvous.
D) call medical control and request permission to stop resuscitaton.
21. Vesicant agents include all of the following, EXCEPT:
A) sarin.
B) lewisite.
C) sulfur mustard.
D) phosgene oxime.
22. You are dispatched to the county jail for an inmate that is “sick.” When you arrive, you fnd
the patent, a 33-year-old male, unresponsive. His airway is patent and his respiratons are rapid
and shallow. Your inital acton should be to:
A) apply a pulse oximeter.
B) request a paramedic unit.
C) provide assisted ventlaton.
D) obtain his blood pressure.
23. The MOST serious complicaton associated with using a nasopharyngeal airway in a patent
with head trauma is:
A) fracturing the septum.
B) damaging the turbinates.
C) penetratng the cranium.
D) causing severe bleeding.
24. Braxton-Hicks contractons are characterized by:
A) regular contractons of progressively increasing intensity.
B) alleviaton of pain with movement or changing positons.
C) pink or red bloody show in conjuncton with the contractons.
D) a rupture of the amniotc sac just before the contractons begin.
25. Eclampsia is MOST accurately defned as:
A) high levels of protein in the patent's urine.
B) hypertension in the 20th week of pregnancy.
C) seizures that result from severe hypertension.
D) a blood pressure greater than 140/90 mm Hg.
26. In additon to external bleeding, the MOST signifcant risk that an open sof tssue injury
exposes a patent to is:A) infecton.
B) hypothermia.
C) nerve damage.
D) vessel damage.
27. You are treatng a man with a closed head injury following an assault by a burglar. The
patent, who has slurred speech, becomes verbally abusive and tells you to "leave him alone."
You should:
A) ask a police ofcer to transport the patent to the hospital.
B) allow him to refuse treatment since the injury was not his fault.
C) proceed with treatment and utlize law enforcement if necessary.
D) have the police arrest him so that you can legally begin treatment.
28. The ONLY indicatons for placing your gloved fngers in the vagina during delivery are:
A) breech presentaton and prolapsed umbilical cord.
B) limb presentaton and severe vaginal hemorrhage.
C) vertex presentaton and delivery of the placenta.
D) nuchal cord and presentaton of an arm or leg.
29. Which of the following statements regarding stridor is MOST correct?
A) It is a whistling sound heard in the lower airway.
B) Stridor is caused by incorrect airway positoning.
C) It is a high-pitched, crowing upper airway sound.
D) Stridor suggests the presence of fluid in the lungs.
30. Delirium tremens (DTs) is a syndrome associated with withdrawal from:
A) cocaine.
B) opioids.
C) alcohol.
D) sedatves.
31. The purpose of a “jump kit” is to:
A) facilitate defbrillaton within 5 to 10 minutes afer making patent contact.
B) manage a critcally injured patent untl he or she is loaded into the ambulance.
C) carry advanced life support equipment approved by the EMS medical director.
D) contain anything that you might need during the frst 5 minutes of patent care.
32. Infecton should be considered as a possible cause of an airway obstructon in an infant or
child, especially if he or she presents with:
A) severe restlessness.
B) drooling or congeston.
C) skin that is cool and dry.
D) acute respiratory distress.33. Pain felt at a locaton other than its origin is called:
A) referred pain.
B) radiatng pain.
C) visceral pain.
D) remote pain.
34. While using lights and siren, most state laws permit an ambulance to:
A) disregard all trafc control signals.
B) drive as fast as the department allows.
C) carefully exceed the posted speed limit.
D) proceed through red lights without stopping.
35. The ___________ ofcer is responsible for notfying area hospitals and determining their
availability and capabilites.
A) triage
B) medical
C) treatment
D) transportaton
36. Erosion of the stomach or duodenum secondary to overactvity of digestve juices results in:
A) ileus.
B) an ulcer.
C) appendicits.
D) cholecystts.
37. Which of the following statements regarding the incident command system (ICS) is MOST
correct?
A) The ICS is only actvated if a natural disaster occurs.
B) The ICS is designed for use in daily EMS operatons.
C) The EMS system developed and implemented the ICS.
D) The ICS is only effectve during a mass casualty incident.
38. Your BEST protecton against legal liability when a competent patent refuses EMS care and
transport is to:
A) advise medical control of the situaton.
B) err on the side of cauton and transport.
C) ensure the family is aware of the risks.
D) thoroughly document the entre event.
39. A 19-year-old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your inital assessment reveals
that her breathing is inadequate. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag
violently. You should:
A) contnue to insert the airway as you sucton her oropharynx.B) remove the airway and be prepared to sucton her oropharynx.
C) insert the airway no further but leave it in place as a bite block.
D) select a smaller sized oral airway and atempt to insert it.
40. Which of the following MOST accurately describes a focal seizure?
A) A seizure that begins in one extremity
B) A blank stare without muscle contractons
C) A seizure that is not preceded by an aura
D) Generalized seizures without incontnence
41. A frostbiten foot can be identfed by the presence of:
A) gross deformity.
B) sof, smooth skin.
C) motling and blisters.
D) blanching of the skin.
42. Normally, no more than two patents are placed in the same ambulance; however, if severe
weather conditons exist, a _________ patent may be transported in the passenger seat of the
ambulance.
A) red-tagged
B) black-tagged
C) green-tagged
D) yellow-tagged
43. The posterior tbial pulse can be palpated:
A) on the dorsum of the foot.
B) above the lateral malleolus.
C) in the fossa behind the knee.
D) behind the medial malleolus.
44. A 26-year-old woman complains of a stabbing pain in the right lower quadrant of her
abdomen. She states that her last menstrual period was 7 weeks ago and that she had pelvic
inflammatory disease approximately 3 months ago. You should be MOST suspicious that this
patent is experiencing:
A) an acute appendicits.
B) an intrapelvic infecton.
C) a spontaneous aborton.
D) an ectopic pregnancy.
45. Botulinum is:
A) an acute viral infecton.
B) a disease of the leukocytes.
C) rarely associated with death.D) a potent bacterial neurotoxin.
46. The largest porton of the brain, which is commonly referred to as the “gray mater,” is
called the:
A) cerebrum.
B) cerebellum.
C) brain stem.
D) diencephalon.
47. You are transportng a 49-year-old male with “tearing” abdominal pain. You are
approximately 30 miles away from the closest hospital. During your ongoing assessment, you
determine that the patent's conditon has deteriorated signifcantly. You should:
A) begin ventlatory assistance with a BVM device.
B) immediately perform a detailed physical examinaton.
C) contnue transportng and alert the receiving hospital.
D) consider requestng a rendezvous with an ALS unit.
48. In which of the following patents should you remove an impaled object?
A) A semiconscious patent with an ice pick impaled in the chest.
B) An apneic patent with a shard of glass impaled in the abdomen.
C) A pulseless and apneic patent with a knife impaled in the back.
D) A conscious and alert patent with a fshhook impaled in the eye.
49. The body's functons that occur without conscious effort are regulated by the __________
nervous system.
A) sensory
B) somatc
C) autonomic
D) voluntary
50. You are transportng a 54-year-old male in cardiac arrest. A frst responder is driving the
ambulance as you and your partner atempt to resuscitate the patent. What is the MOST logical
way of notfying the hospital?
A) Call the receiving hospital with your cellular phone as you atempt resuscitaton.
B) Have the driver contact dispatch and relay the patent informaton to the hospital.
C) Request that a police ofcer respond to the hospital to apprise them of your arrival.
D) Wait untl you arrive at the hospital and then quickly apprise them of the situaton.
51. In order to facilitate a safe and coordinated move, the team leader should:
A) be positoned at the feet so the team can hear.
B) use preparatory commands to initate any moves.
C) speak sofly but clearly to avoid startling the patent.
D) never become involved in the move, just direct the move.52. While on duty, your partner asks you out on a date and touches you in an inappropriate
locaton without your consent. You should:
A) tell your partner to quit kidding around and focus on his or her job.
B) warn your partner that you will report him or her if it happens again.
C) notfy law enforcement personnel and have your partner arrested.
D) tell your partner to stop and report the incident to your supervisor.
53. Which of the following is an example of a symptom?
A) Cyanosis
B) Headache
C) Tachycardia
D) Hypertension
54. The primary organ responsible for absorpton of products of digeston is the:
A) pancreas.
B) gallbladder.
C) small intestne.
D) large intestne.
55. A 25-year-old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her chest when her car hit
a tree while traveling at a high rate of speed. She is experiencing signs and symptoms of shock,
which you suspect are the result of intrathoracic bleeding. Which of the following interventons
will provide this patent with the greatest chance for survival?
A) 100% oxygen administraton
B) Full immobilizaton of her spine
C) Applying and inflatng the PASG
D) Rapid transport to a trauma center
56. Patents with acute abdominal pain should not be given anything by mouth because:
A) it will create referred pain and obscure the diagnosis.
B) food will rapidly travel through the digestve system.
C) a full stomach may make emergency surgery dangerous.
D) digeston prevents accurate auscultaton of bowel sounds.
57. Patents with rib fractures will commonly:
A) breathe rapidly and shallowly.
B) take a series of deep breaths.
C) prefer to lie in a supine positon.
D) develop a sucking chest wound.
58. To assess a patent's general temperature, pull back on your glove and place the back of
your hand on his or her skin at the:
A) neck.
B) chest.C) abdomen.
D) forehead.
59. Which of the following statements is MOST consistent with the bargaining phase of the
grieving process?
A) “It is because of our lousy healthcare system that I developed this brain tumor.”
B) “I will be compliant with all my medicatons if I can just see my grandson
graduate.”
C) “I understand that my death is inevitable and am ready to die when the tme
comes.”
D) “The doctors must be wrong in their diagnosis because I have always been
healthy.”
60. Which of the following MOST accurately defnes negligence?
A) Transport of a mentally incompetent patent against his or her will
B) Deviaton from the standard of care that may result in further injury
C) Transferring patent care to a provider with a lower level of training
D) Providing care that is consistent with care provided by other EMT-Bs
61. Maintaining a “cushion of safety” when operatng an ambulance means:
A) remaining in the far right-hand lane when transportng a critcal patent and
refraining from passing other motorists on the lef side.
B) driving at the posted speed limit, regardless of the patent's conditon, and routnely
using your lights and siren when driving on a freeway.
C) driving about 2 to 3 seconds behind any vehicles in front of you and exceeding the
posted speed limit by no more than 20 to 25 miles per hour.
D) keeping a safe distance between your ambulance and vehicles in front of you and
remaining aware of vehicles potentally hiding in your mirror's blind spots.
62. Clouding of the lenses of the eyes is called:
A) retnits.
B) cataracts.
C) glaucoma.
D) conjunctvits.
63. What medicaton form does oral glucose come in?
A) Gel
B) Liquid
C) Suspension
D) Fine powder
64. Syrup of ipecac is no longer recommended to treat patents who have ingested a
poisonous substance because it:
A) has been linked to hypotension.B) does not effectvely induce vomitng.
C) may result in aspiraton of vomitus [Show Less]